Explanations 
Textbooks 
Flashcards 
91影视 AI 
Notes 
Study Plans 
Study Sets 
Find a degree 
Magazine Chapter 22: Q22-65E (page 752)
Sodium pentothal is a short-acting barbiturate derivative used as a general anesthetic and known as a truth serum in popular culture. It is synthesized like other barbiturates (see the Something Extra at the end of this chapter), using thiourea, (H2N)2C=S, in place of urea. How would you synthesize sodium pentothal?
Short Answer
.
Step by step solution
What are Barbiturates and the initial step for their formation:
Barbiturates,a large class of drugs with a wide variety of uses, constitute one of the earliest successes of medicinal chemistry.
The synthesis and medical use of barbiturates goes back to 1904 when Bayer, a German chemical company first marketed a compound called barbital, trade named Veronal, as a treatment for insomnia
Diethyl malonate commonly has two 伪 hydrogens flanked by two carbonyl groups.
Therefore, it is readily converted into its enolate ion, which can be alkylated by reaction with an alkyl halide. A second alkylation can also be carried out if desired since acetoacetic ester has two acidic hydrogens:
Reaction with thiourea, (H2N)2C=S, then gives the product barbiturates by a twofold nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction of the ester groups with the NH2 groups of thiourea
Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!
