91Ó°ÊÓ

Allene (see Problem 1-47) is structurally related to carbon dioxide, . Draw a picture showing the orbitals involved in the s and p bonds of , and identify the likely hybridization of carbon.

Draw a line-bond structure for propene, ${\mathbf{CH}}_3\mathbf{CH}\mathbf{=}{\mathbf{CH}}_2$. Indicate the hybridization of the orbitals on each carbon, and predict the value of each bond angle.

The following model is a representation of citric acid, the key substance in the so-called citric acid cycle, by which food molecules are metabolized in the body. Only the connections between atoms are shown; multiple bonds are not indicated. Complete the structure by indicating the positions of multiple bonds and lone-pair electrons (gray 5 C, red 5 O, ivory 5 H).

Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:

How many valence electrons does each of the following dietary trace elements have?

(a) Zinc (b) Iodine (c) Silicon (d) Iron

Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:

Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:

(b)

Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:

(c)

Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:

(d)

What are likely formulas for the following molecules?

(a) NH_?OH (b)AlCl_? (c) CF₂Cl_?(d)CHO_?

(a)