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Chapter 2: Q6P. (page 33)

Make three-dimensional drawings of the following molecules, and predictwhether each has a dipole moment. If you expect a dipole moment, show itsdirection.

aH2CPCH2bCHCl3cCH2Cl2dH2CPCCl2

Short Answer

Expert verified

A dipole moment is defined as a measurement of the separation of the two opposite electrical charges. Dipole moments are a vector quantity. The magnitude is equal to charge multiplied by the distance between the charges and the direction is from negative charge to positive charge.

渭=q脳r

Where渭 is the dipole moment, q is the charge, and r is the distance between the charges.

Step by step solution

01

Dipole moment

A dipole moment is defined as a measurement of the separation of the two opposite electrical charges. Dipole moments are a vector quantity. The magnitude is equal to charge multiplied by the distance between the charges and the direction is from negative charge to positive charge.

渭=q脳r

Where渭 is the dipole moment, q is the charge, and r is the distance between the charges.

02

Predicting the net dipole moment of a molecule by drawing its structure

For each bond identify the more electronegative element, and draw a arrow that points from the less electronegative element to the more electronegative element. Estimate the sum of the individual dipole moments to arrive at the dipole moment for the entire molecule.

A,b,c,d should not be included inside the image box


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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate values from the following 鈥檚:

(a)Acetone, pKa=19.3 (b)Formic acid, pKa=3.75

Ethylene glycol,, may look nonpolar when drawn, but an

internal hydrogen bond results in an electric dipole moment. Explain.

Question:Phosgene, Cl2C=O , has a smaller dipole moment than formaldehyde,H2C=O , even though it contains electronegative chlorine atoms in place of hydrogen. Explain.

Question: What is the Ka of HCN if its pKa=9.31?

Use the pKatable in Appendix B to determine in which direction the

Equilibrium is favored.

(b)CH3CH2CH2OH+N藱H2鈬�CH3CH2CH2O藱+NH3
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