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Chapter 7: Q7-25E (page 219)

The following alkyl bromide can be made by HBr addition to three different alkenes. Show their structures.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Alkyl halides are also termed haloalkanes. The hydrogen atoms are substituted with halogen atoms like fluorine, chlorine, or bromine to obtain haloalkanes.

Haloalkanes can be classified into mono, di, or trihaloalkane based on the number of halogen atoms present in them.

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-Step solutionStep 1: Alkyl halides

Alkyl halides are also termed haloalkanes. The hydrogen atoms are substituted with halogen atoms like fluorine, chlorine, or bromine to obtain haloalkanes.

Haloalkanes can be classified into mono, di, or trihaloalkane based on the number of halogen atoms present in them.

02

Structure of the alkyl bromide formed by the HBr addition to three alkenes

The structure of the given alkyl bromide is 1-bromo-1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane.

In the second step of the addition reaction, the bromine strikes the carbon with a positive charge in the carbocation. Hence, the alkenes must have a double bond in a way that abstracting hydrogen from the hydrogen halide leads the carbon connected to bromine to get attached to get a positive charge.

Structure of the alkyl bromide formed by the HBr addition to three alkenes

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name the following alkenes, and tell which compound in each pair is more stable:

The isobutyl cation spontaneously rearranges to the tert-butyl cation by a hydride shift. Is the rearrangement exergonic or endergonic? Draw what you think the transition state for the hydride shift might look like according to the Hammond postulate.

Draw structures corresponding to the following systematic names:

(a)(4E)-2, 4-Dimethyl-1, 4-hexadiene

(b)cis-3, 3-Dimethyl-4-propyl-1, 5-octadiene

(c)4-Methyl-1, 2-pentadiene

(d)(3E,5Z)-2, 6-Dimethyl-1, 3, 5,7-octatetraene

(e)3-Butyl-2-heptene

(f)trans-2, 2, 5, 5-Tetramethyl-3-hexene

Question: Calculate the degree of unsaturation in the following formulas, and

draw five possible structures for each:

(a)C10H16(b)C8H8O(c)C7H10Cl2(d)C10H16O2(e)C5H9NO2(f)C8H10ClNO

Rank the substituents in each of the following sets according to the sequence rules:

-CH2CH3,-C鈮�CH,-C鈮�N,-CH2OCH3
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