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Magazine Chapter 1: Q84. (page 60)
Question: Use the principles of resonance theory to explain why carbocation A is more stable than carbocation B.
Short Answer
Answer
Carbocation A is more stable than carbocation B as the positive charge is distributed over the two carbons because of resonance.
Step by step solution
Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Resonance theory
Resonance theory is a theory in which a molecule is shown by several structures instead of a single valence-bond structure.
A resonance hybrid is also acquired while illustrating various resonance structures.
Step 2: Comparison of carbocations A and B
Structure A comprises one double bond in conjugation with the positive charge. The carbocation B does not possess a double bond. The concept of resonance stabilization can be applied only to structure A.
The electron density in structure A can be shifted as follows:
Resonance stabilization in carbocation A
In structure B, the double bond is absent, and the resonance phenomenon does not occur. Hence, carbocation A will be more stable than carbocation B.
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