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Chapter 29: Q4. (page 1156)

L-thyroxine, a thyroid hormone and oral medication used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency, is an amino acid that does not exist in proteins. Draw the zwitterionic form of L-thyroxine.

Short Answer

Expert verified

L-thyroxine is also named levothyroxine. It is used for curing thyroid hormone deficiency called hypothyroidism.It can be consumed via the mouth or by intravenous injection.

Step by step solution

01

L-thyroxine

L-thyroxine is also named levothyroxine. It is used for curing thyroid hormone deficiency called hypothyroidism.It can be consumed via the mouth or by intravenous injection.

02

Zwitter ions

Zwitter ions constitute ions possessing equivalent positive and negative ions. The formal charge of these ions is zero as they are electrically neutral.These compounds comprise quaternary ammonium cations.

03

Zwitterionic form of L-thyroxine

The structure of L-thyroxine can be given as:

Structure of L-thyroxine

The zwitterion in L-thyroxine is created by the shift of proton from the carboxyl group to the amino group in order to sustain neutrality. The structure of the zwitterion form of L-thyroxine can be given as:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a.(S)-Penicillamine, an amino acid that does not occur in proteins, is used as a copper chelating agent to treat Wilson鈥檚 disease, an inherited defect in copper metabolism.

(R)-Penicillamine is toxic, sometimes causing blindness. Draw the structures of (R) and (S)-penicillamine.

b. What disulfide is formed from oxidation of L-penicillamine?

Another strategy used to resolve amino acids involves converting the carboxy group to an ester and then using a chiral carboxylic acid to carry out an acid-base reaction at the free amino group. Using a racemic mixture of alanine enantiomers and (R)-mandelic acid as resolving agent, write out the steps showing how a resolution process would occur.

Histidine is classified as a basic amino acid because one of the N atoms in its five-membered ring is readily protonated by acid. Which N atom in histidine is protonated and why?

Name each peptide using both the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations of the component amino acids.

Give the amino acid sequence of each peptide using the fragments obtained by partial hydrolysis of the peptide with acid.

  1. A tetrapeptide that contains Ala, Gly, His, and Tyr, which is hydrolyzed to the dipeptides His-Tyr, Gly-Ala, and Ala-His.
  2. A pentapeptide that contains Glu, Gly, His, Lys, and Phe, which is hydrolyzed to His-Gly-Glu, Gly-Glu-Phe, and Lys-His.
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