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Chapter 2: Q. 2.43 (page 86)

Draw the products of each acid-base reaction.

a.

b.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The base donates a lone pair of electrons to the most acidic hydrogen atom in the acid leading to its deprotonation. The proton is transferred from the acid to the base.

Step by step solution

01

Proton transfer

The base donates a lone pair of electrons to the most acidic hydrogen atom in the acid leading to its deprotonation. The proton is transferred from the acid to the base.

02

Acidic hydrogen

Among the different groups present in the compounds, the more acidic hydrogen atom is the one that can easily dissociate from the acid and which is attached to the most electronegative group.

03

Acid-Base reaction of the given compounds

A more acidic proton is transferred to the base in each reaction.

a. The most acidic hydrogen is present in the 鈥揅OOH group. Hence, the protonation takes place from the group 鈥揅OOH.

Acid-base reaction in a.

b. The ease of donating the electron pair depends upon the electronegativity and steric hindrance in this compound.

Out of the three groups having lone pairs of electrons, i.e., fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen, nitrogen is the least electronegative element and hence can leave an electron pair at ease compared to the oxygen and fluorine atom.

Hence, in this case, nitrogen is the donor atom.

Acid-base reaction in b.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Compounds like amphetamine that contain nitrogen atoms are protonated by the HCl in the gastric juices of the stomach, and the resulting salt is then deprotonated in the basic environment of the intestines to regenerate the neutral form. Write proton transfer reactions for both of these processes. In which form will amphetamine pass through a cell membrane?

Draw the product formed when the Lewis acid (CH3CH2)3C+reacts with each Lewis base:

role="math" localid="1649304251552" (a)CH3OH;(b)(CH3)2O;(c)(CH3)2NH.

What is theKa for each compound?

a.

b.

c.

Propranolol is an antihypertensive agent鈥攖hat is, it lowers blood pressure.

a. Which proton in propranolol is most acidic? b.What products are formed when propranolol is treated with NaH? c. Which atom is most basic? d. What products are formed when propranolol is treated with HCl?

Molecules like acetamide (CH3CONH2) can be protonated on either their O or N atoms when treated with a strong acid like HCl. Which site is more readily protonated and why?
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