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Chapter 22: 5P (page 868)

What aldehyde or ketone is needed to prepare each alcohol by metal hydride reduction?

Short Answer

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Answer

The aldehyde or ketone needed to prepare each alcohol by metal hydride reduction is shown below:

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-Step Solution Step 1: Function of metal hydrides

Metal hydrides such as NaBH4and LiAlH4are powerful reducing agents that reduce an aldehyde into primary alcohol and a ketone into secondary alcohol. LiAlH4 is more powerful than NaBH4as it can also reduce other powerful functional groups.

02

Mechanism of the reducing action of metal hydrides

The M-H is polar, the hydride present in M-H acts as a nucleophile, and as a result, it can readily attack the carbonyl carbon center to yield alcohol.

03

Observation of the reactant

When primary alcohol is a product then the reactant should be an aldehyde; whereas, when secondary alcohol is a product then the reactant should be a ketone.

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