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IUPAC nomenclature is the chemical naming of organic compounds using a set of rules proposed by organic chemists to avoid the problem of identification.

The functional groups may be used as prefixes or suffixes with different names, depending on their structures.

The carbon count gives the base name of the compound. The chain is numbered in such a way that substituents attain the lowest numbers. The name changes as per the saturation of the compound.

a.3-Methylhexane

Structure of 3-methylhexane

The longest chain in the given IUPAC name is hexane, which means the compound has a six carbon-containing straight chain. The substituent methyl group is bonded at the third carbon atom of the parent chain.

b. 3,3-Dimethylpentane

Structure of3,3-dimethylpentane

The longest chain in the given IUPAC name is pentane, which means the compound has a five carbon-containing straight chain. Two methyl groups are bonded at the third carbon atom of the parent chain.

c. 3,5,5-Trimethyloctane

Structure of 3,5,5-trimethyloctane

The longest chain in the given IUPAC name is octane, which means the compound has an eight carbon-containing straight chain. The substituents as three methyl groups are bonded at the parent chain's third and fifth carbon atoms.

d. 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane

Structure of 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane

The longest chain in the given IUPAC name is hexane, which means the compound has a six carbon-containing straight chains. Ethyl and methyl groups are bonded at the parent chain's third and fourth carbon atoms, respectively.

e. 3-ethyl-5-isobutylnonane

Structure of 3-ethyl-5-isobutylnonane

The longest chain in the given IUPAC name is nonane, which means the compound is a six carbon-containing straight chain. The substituents ethyl and isobutyl groups are bonded at the parent chain's third and fifth carbon atoms, respectively.