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What is the activation energy of a reaction, and how is this energy related to the activated complex of the reaction?

Short Answer

Expert verified

A chemical reaction is the effective collision of the two or more reactants colloid to produce energy more than activation energy to form the desired product. The activation energy can be defined as the threshold energy after which the reaction occurs.

Step by step solution

01

Reaction Rate

The reaction involved the effective collision of two reactants to produce the desired products. Reactions can be natural, which occur in the surrounding environment, whereas it can be artificially done in the laboratory to form a desired required product.

The reaction rate can be defined as the reaction speed to produce the products. The reaction rate can be slow, fast or moderate. The reaction can take less than a millisecond to produce products, or it can take years to produce the desired product.

02

Explanation

The activation energy can be defined as the threshold energy (which is called the minimum amount of energy) after which the reaction takes place. A chemical reaction can take place because of the effective collision of the two or more reactants, which produces energy more than the threshold energy (minimum energy).

鈥楢ctivation energy鈥 term was used by Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish scientist, in the year 1889.

The unit of the Activation energy is Joule or kcal/mole.

The activation energy can depend upon the nature of the molecule or the bonding present in the molecule. If the bonding is strong, then the activation energy is high.

The activation energy also depends upon if any catalyst involves in the reaction because catalysts lower down the activation energy.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use the PhET Reactions & Rates interactive simulation to simulate a system. On the 鈥淪ingle collision鈥 tab of the simulation applet, enable the 鈥淓nergy view鈥 by clicking the 鈥+鈥 icon. Select the first A + BC鉄禔B + C reaction (A is yellow, B is purple, and C is navy blue). Using the 鈥渟traight shot鈥 default option, try launching the A atom with varying amounts of energy. What changes when the Total Energy line at launch is below the transition state of the Potential Energy line? Why? What happens when it is above the transition state? Why?

Define these terms: (a) unimolecular reaction (b) bimolecular reaction (c) elementary reaction (d) overall reaction.

A study of the rate of the reaction represented as 2A鉄 B gave the following data:

  1. Determine the average rate of disappearance of A between 0.0 s and 10.0 s, and between 10.0 s and 20.0 s.
  2. Estimate the instantaneous rate of disappearance of A at 15.0 s from a graph of time versus (A). What are the units of this rate?
  3. Use the rates found in parts (a) and (b) to determine the average rate of formation of B between 0.00 s and 10.0 s, and the instantaneous rate of formation of B at 15.0 s.

Nitrosyl chloride, NOCl, decomposes to NO and \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}\).

\({\bf{2NOCl(g)}} \to {\bf{2NO(g) + C}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\)

Determine the rate law, the rate constant, and the overall order for this reaction from the following data:

Hydrogen reacts with nitrogen monoxide to form dinitrogen monoxide (laughing gas) according to the equation:\({{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g) + 2NO(g)}} \to {{\bf{N}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{O(g) + }}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{O}}\).Determine the rate law, the rate constant, and the orders with respect to each reactant from the following data:

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