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Account for the relationship between the rate of a reaction and its activation energy.

Short Answer

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The rate of reaction depends upon the activation energy; as the activation energy is high reaction rate is low, whereas if the activation energy is low, the reaction rate is high.

Step by step solution

01

Reaction Rate

The reaction involved the effective collision of two reactants to produce the desired products. Reactions can be natural, which occur in the surrounding environment, whereas it can be artificially done in the laboratory to form the desired product.

The reaction rate can be defined as the reaction speed to produce the products. The reaction rate can be slow, fast or moderate. The reaction can take less than a millisecond to produce products, or it can take years to produce the desired product.

02

Activation Energy

'Activation energy' term was used by Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish scientist, in the year 1889. The activation energy can be defined as the threshold energy (which is called the minimum amount of energy) after which the reaction takes place. A chemical reaction can take place because of the effective collision of the two or more reactants, which produces energy more than the threshold energy (minimum energy).

The unit of the Activation energy is Joule or kcal/mole.

03

Relation between Activation energy and Reaction rate

The rate of the reaction depends upon the Activation energy. As the activation energy is high, then the reaction rate is low, whereas if the activation energy is low, then the reaction rate is high. Activation energy can be defined as the 鈥渂arrier鈥 which is crossed by the reactant to produce products.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In a transesterification reaction, a triglyceride reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and glycerol. Many students learn about the reaction between methanol (\({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{OH}}\)) and ethyl acetate (\({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{OCOC}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}\)) as a sample reaction before studying the chemical reactions that produce biodiesel:

\({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{OH + C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{OCOC}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{ - - - C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{OCOC}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{ + C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{OH}}\).The rate law for the reaction between methanol and ethyl acetate is, under certain conditions, determined to be: rate =\(k\left( {{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{OH }}} \right)\). What is the order of reaction with respect to methanol and ethyl acetate, and what is the overall order of reaction?

Alcohol is removed from the bloodstream by a series of metabolic reactions. The first reaction produces acetaldehyde; then other products are formed. The following data have been determined for the rate at which alcohol is removed from the blood of an average male, although individual rates can vary by 25鈥30%. Women metabolize alcohol a little more slowly than men:

Determine the rate equation, the rate constant, and the overall order for this reaction.

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(a) What is the rate constant for the decomposition of fluorine-18?

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(c) How long does it take for 99.99% of the\(^{{\bf{18}}}{\bf{F}}\)to decay?

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Account for the increase in reaction rate brought about by a catalyst.

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