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Chapter 19: Q. 30 (page 544)

A gas cylinder holds 0.10 mol of O2 at 150掳C and a pressure

of 3.0 atm. The gas expands adiabatically until the volume is doubled.

What are the final (a) pressure and (b) temperature?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The final (a) pressure is 1.1368 atm and (b) temperature is 321 K.

Step by step solution

01

Preparing the bases of the formulas

(a) This is an adiabic process. So, it can be wriiten that

p1V1纬=p2V2纬p2p1=V1V2纬p2=p1V1V2纬鈰�鈰�鈰�鈰�鈰�鈰�(1)

(b) The number of moles remains constant. From the ideal gas law,

p1V1T1=p2V2T2T2=p2p1V2V1T1

and from part (a),

p2p1=V1V2纬

Substitutiong this equation, it can be continue finding,

T2=V1V2纬V2V1T1=V1V2纬-1T1鈰�鈰�鈰�鈰�(2)

02

Putting the values

(a)O2is a diatomic gas.

So, 纬=1.40, Substituting this and the volume ratio, it can find from the equation (1) ,

p2=3路0.51.40=1.1368atm

(b) By putting the numerical values on the equation (2),

T2=0.51.40-1路423=321K

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An experiment measures the temperature of a 500 g substance

while steadily supplying heat to it. Figure EX19.20 shows the

results of the experiment. What are the (a) specific heat of the

solid phase, (b) specific heat of the liquid phase, (c) melting and

boiling temperatures, and (d) heats of fusion and vaporization?

14g of nitrogen gas at STP are adiabatically compressed to a pressure of 20atm. What are (a) the final temperature, (b) the work done on the gas, (c) the heat transfer to the gas, and (d) the compression ratio Vmax/Vmin? (e) Show the process on a pV diagram, using proper scales on both axes.

The burner on an electric stove has a power output of 2.0 kW. A 750 g stainless steel teakettle is filled with 20掳C water and placed on the already hot burner. If it takes 3.0 min for the water to reach a boil, what volume of water, in cm3, was in the kettle? Stainless steel is mostly iron, so you can assume its specific heat is that of iron.

The gas cylinder in Figure Q19.9 is a rigid container that is well insulated except for the bottom surface, which is in contact with a block of ice. The initial gas temperature is 7 0掳C.

a. During the process that occurs until the gas reaches a new equilibrium, are (i) 鈭員, (ii) W, and (iii) Q greater than, less than, or equal to zero? Explain.

b. Draw a pV diagram showing the process

A container holds 1.0 g of argon at a pressure of 8.0 atm.

a. How much heat is required to increase the temperature by 100掳C at constant volume?

b. How much will the temperature increase if this amount of heat energy is transferred to the gas at constant pressure?
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