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Chapter 36: Q. 5 (page 1059)
An out-of-control alien spacecraft is diving into a star at a speed of . At what speed, relative to the spacecraft, is the starlight approaching?
The speed will be speed of light c.
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A ball of mass m traveling at a speed of 0.80c has a perfectly inelastic collision with an identical ball at rest. If Newtonian physics were correct for these speeds, momentum conservation would tell us that a ball of mass 2m departs the collision with a speed of 0.40c. Let鈥檚 do a relativistic collision analysis to determine the mass and speed of the ball after the collision.
a. What is gp, written as a fraction like a/b?
b. What is the initial total momentum? Give your answer as a fraction times mc. c. What is the initial total energy? Give your answer as a fraction times mc2 . Don鈥檛 forget that there are two balls.
d. Because energy can be transformed into mass, and vice versa, you cannot assume that the final mass is 2m. Instead, let the final state of the system be an unknown mass M traveling at the unknown speed uf. You have two conservation laws. Find M and uf.
At what speed, as a fraction of , must an electron move so that its total energy is more than its rest mass energy?
Your job is to synchronize the clocks in a reference frame. You are going to do so by flashing a light at the origin at . To what time should the clock at be preset?
The nuclear reaction that powers the sun is the fusion of four protons into a helium nucleus. The process involves several steps, but the net reaction is simply . The mass of a proton, to four significant figures, is , and the mass of a helium nucleus is known to be .
a. How much energy is released in each fusion?
b. What fraction of the initial rest mass energy is this energy?
Firecrackers A and B are apart. You are standing exactly halfway between them. Your lab partner is on the other side of firecracker A. You see two flashes of light, from the two explosions, at exactly the same instant of time. Define event 1 to be 鈥渇irecracker A explodes鈥� and event 2 to be 鈥渇irecracker B explodes.鈥� According to your lab partner, based on measurements he or she makes, does event 1 occur before, after, or at the same time as event 2? Explain
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