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In an attempt to reduce the extraordinarily long travel times for voyaging to distant stars, some people have suggested traveling at close to the speed of light. Suppose you wish to visit the red giant star Betelgeuse, which is430lyaway, and that you want your 20,000kgrocket to move so fast that you age only 20yearsduring the round trip.

a . How fast, as a fraction of c, must the rocket travel relative to earth?

b. How much energy is needed to accelerate the rocket to this speed?

c. Compare this amount of energy to the total energy used by the United States in the year 2015, which was roughly1.01020J

Short Answer

Expert verified

a. The speed is 0.998C.

b. The required energy is 7.341022J.

c. The amount of energy is734times more than the United States in the year2015.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) step 1: Given Information 

We need to find speed, as a fraction of c, must the rocket travel relative to the earth .

02

Part (a) step 2:Simplify

Suppose the voyage is moving at the speed v, now since the speed is very close to C, the time taken from the earth's frame of reference should be 430y. But in voyage's frame of reference, it is 20y.So is given as =243020=43Now we know that

=11-243=11-2=0.9997

Now we know that

=Cv=C=0.9997C

03

Part (b) step 2: Given Information 

We need to find how much energy is needed to accelerate the rocket to this speed.

04

Part (b) step 2: Simplify

The kinetic energy of the rocket is given byEk=mv21-2=20000.9997310821-0.99972=7.341022J

05

Part (c) step 3: Given Information 

We need to Compare this amount of energy to the total energy used by the United States in the year 2015, which was roughly 1.01020J.

06

Part (c) step 3: Simplify

The energy is 7.3410221.01020=734times more than the annual consumption of energy in the year2010.

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