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Chapter 10: Q64 E (page 590)
What types of liquids typically form amorphous solids?
Large and cumbersome molecules are amorphous solid
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Describe the crystal structure of Pt, which crystallizes with four equivalent metal atoms in a cubic unit cell
Open the PhET States of Matter Simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16phetvisual) to answer the following questions:
(a) Select the Solid, Liquid, Gas tab. Explore by selecting different substances, heating and cooling the systems, and changing the state. What similarities do you notice between the four substances for each phase (solid, liquid, gas)? What differences do you notice?
(b) For each substance, select each of the states and record the given temperatures. How do the given temperatures for each state correlate with the strengths of their intermolecular attractions? Explain.
(c) Select the Interaction Potential tab, and use the default neon atoms. Move the Ne atom to the right and observe how the potential energy changes. Select the Total Force button, and move the Ne atom as before. When is the total force on each atom attractive and large enough to matter? Then select the Component Forces button, and move the Ne atom. When do the attractive (van der Waals) and repulsive (electron overlap) forces balance? How does this relate to the potential energy versus the distance between atoms graph? Explain.
Ethane \(\left( {{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}} \right)\) has a melting point of -1830C and a boiling point of -890C. Predict the melting and boiling points for methylamine \(\left( {{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_2}} \right)\). Explain your reasoning.
What is the percent by mass of titanium in rutile, a mineral that contains titanium and oxygen, if structure can be described as a closest packed aligned of oxide ions with titanium ions in one-half of the octahedral holes? What is the oxidation number of titanium?
Determine the phase changes that carbon dioxide undergoes as the pressure changes if the temperature is held at 鈭�50掳C? If the temperature is held at 鈭�40掳C? At 20掳C?
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