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Scientists shine a laser beam on a 35m-wide slit and produce a diffraction pattern on a screen 70cmbehind the slit. Careful measurements show that the intensity first falls to 25% of maximum at a distance of 7.2mm from the center of the diffraction pattern. What is the wavelength of the laser light?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The wavelength of the laser light=596nm

Step by step solution

01

Intensity

The parameters derived the luminosity as a function of y.

Islit=I0sin(ay/L)ay/L2

IIo=0.25=sin(ay/L)ay/L2

sin(ay/L)ay/L=0.25=0.5 (Rearrange)

02

Graphing method

Recall that we desire to determine, but that the sin and integer both have the same term, we have a mystical equation that must be solved by trial and error or by graph. To simplify the equation, we implement the following substitution.

sin(x)x=0.5sin(x)=0.5x

Now you'll be able to see by the equation above, we're trying to find the purpose where the worth equals the worth, or the spot where the graphs of two functions meet. All we've got to try and do now could be draw and find out the midpoint, which I wiped out Desmos, as shown by the image below.

03

Transcendental Equation

So we obtained x=1.895 as the precise point x which fits the transcendental equation. Hence

ayL=1.895

=ay1.895L=35106m7.2103m1.8950.7m

=596nm

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Most popular questions from this chapter

On a screen behind such a diffracting grating, narrow, bright fringes can be seen. After that, the entire research is submerged in water. Do the screen's fringes get closer together, farther apart, stay the same, or simply disappear? Explain

A helium-neon laser (=633nm) illuminates a diffraction grating. The distance between the two m=1 bright fringes is 32cm on a screen 2.0m behind the grating. What is the spacing between slits of the grating?

A radar for tracking aircraft broadcasts a 12GHzmicrowave beam from a 2.0m-diameter circular radar antenna. From a wave perspective, the antenna is a circular aperture through which the microwaves diffract.

a. What is the diameter of the radar beam at a distance of 30km?

b. If the antenna emits 100kWof power, what is the average microwave intensity at 30km?

FIGURE shows two nearly overlapped intensity peaks of the sort you might produce with a diffraction grating . As a practical matter, two peaks can just barely be resolved if their spacing yequals the width w of each peak, where wis measured at half of the peak鈥檚 height. Two peaks closer together than wwill merge into a single peak. We can use this idea to understand the resolution of a diffraction grating.

a. In the small-angle approximation, the position of the m=1peak of a diffraction grating falls at the same location as the m=1fringe of a double slit: y1=L/d. Suppose two wavelengths differing by lpass through a grating at the same time. Find an expression for localid="1649086237242" y, the separation of their first-order peaks.

b. We noted that the widths of the bright fringes are proportional to localid="1649086301255" 1/N, where localid="1649086311478" Nis the number of slits in the grating. Let鈥檚 hypothesize that the fringe width is localid="1649086321711" w=y1/NShow that this is true for the double-slit pattern. We鈥檒l then assume it to be true as localid="1649086339026" Nincreases.

c. Use your results from parts a and b together with the idea that localid="1649086329574" ymin=wto find an expression for localid="1649086347645" min, the minimum wavelength separation (in first order) for which the diffraction fringes can barely be resolved.

d. Ordinary hydrogen atoms emit red light with a wavelength of localid="1649086355936" 656.45nm.In deuterium, which is a 鈥渉eavy鈥 isotope of hydrogen, the wavelength is localid="1649086363764" 656.27nm.What is the minimum number of slits in a diffraction grating that can barely resolve these two wavelengths in the first-order diffraction pattern?

a. Green light shines through a 100-mm-diameter hole and is observed on a screen. If the hole diameter is increased by 20%, does the circular spot of light on the screen decrease in diameter, increase in diameter, or stay the same? Explain.

b. Green light shines through a 100m-diameter hole and is observed on a screen. If the hole diameter is increased by20%, does the circular spot of light on the screen decrease in diameter, increase in diameter, or stay the same? Explain.

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