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You are the science officer on a visit to a distant solar system. Prior to landing on a planet you measure its diameter to be 1.8×107mand its rotation period to be role="math" localid="1648535932335" 22.3hours.You have previously determined that the planet orbits 2.2××1011mfrom its star with a period of 402earthdays. Once on the surface you find that the free-fall acceleration is 12.2m/s2.What is the mass of (a) the planet and (b) the star?

Short Answer

Expert verified

a. The mass of the planet is1.48×1025kg.

b. The mass of the star isrole="math" localid="1648535846026" 5.22×1030kg.

Step by step solution

01

Given information a.

Radius of planet = 0.9×107m, time period =role="math" localid="1648536615774" 402days, free-fall acceleration =12.2m/s2.

02

Calculation a.

Using the formula of gravitational law we get :

F=GmMr2=ma

Where, F is gravitational force, M is mass of planet and r is the radius between masses.

Solving for acceleration we get :

a=GMr212.2m/s2=(6.67×10-11Nm2/kg2)M0.9×107m2M=1.48×1025kg

03

Final answer a.

The mass of the planet is1.48×1025kg.

04

Given information b.

Orbit distance = 2.2×1011m,time period =402days=3.473×107s.

05

Calculation b.

Using Kepler's third law of planetary motion, the time period is given by :

T2=4Ï€2R3GM

Where, T is the time period, R is the radius of orbit of star, G is universal gravitational constant, M is mass of star.

T2=4π2R3GMM=4π2R3GT2M=4π22.2×1011m3(6.67×10-11Nm2/kg2)(34732800s)2M=5.22×1030kg

06

Final answer b.

The mass of the star is5.22×1030kg.

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