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Chapter 13: Q. 2 (page 353)
The gravitational force of a star on orbiting planet 1 is F1. Planet 2, which is twice as massive as planet 1 and orbits at twice the distance from the star, experiences gravitational force F2. What is the ratio F1/F2?
The ratio F1/F2 =2
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What is the total gravitational potential energy of the three masses in
Large stars can explode as they finish burning their nuclear fuel, causing a supernova. The explosion blows away the outer layers of the star. According to Newton鈥檚 third law, the forces that
push the outer layers away have reaction forces that are inwardly directed on the core of the star. These forces compress the core and can cause the core to undergo a gravitational collapse. The
gravitational forces keep pulling all the matter together tighter and tighter, crushing atoms out of existence. Under these extreme conditions, a proton and an electron can be squeezed together to
form a neutron. If the collapse is halted when the neutrons all come into contact with each other, the result is an object called a neutron star, an entire star consisting of solid nuclear matter. Many neutron stars rotate about their axis with a period of 鈮� 1 s and, as they do so, send out a pulse of electromagnetic waves once a second. These stars were discovered in the 1960s and are called pulsars.
a. Consider a neutron star with a mass equal to the sun, a radius of 10 km, and a rotation period of 1.0 s. What is the speed of a point on the equator of the star?
b. What is g at the surface of this neutron star?
c. A stationary 1.0 kg mass has a weight on earth of 9.8 N. What would be its weight on the star?
d. How many revolutions per minute are made by a satellite orbiting 1.0 km above the surface?
e. What is the radius of a geosynchronous orbit?
A 55,000 kg space capsule is in a 28,000-km-diameter circular orbit around the moon. A brief but intense firing of its engine in the forward direction suddenly decreases its speed by 50%. This
causes the space capsule to go into an elliptical orbit. What are the space capsule鈥檚 (a) maximum and (b) minimum distances from the center of the moon in its new orbit?
Hint: You will need to use two conservation laws.
An earth satellite moves in a circular orbit at a speed of . What is its orbital period?
Saturn鈥檚 moon Titan has a mass of and a radius of What is the free-fall acceleration on Titan?
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