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Chapter 2: 2-3Q (page 81)

You observe three carts moving to the left. Cart A moves to the left at nearly constant speed. Cart B moves to the left, gradually speeding up. Cart C moves to the left, gradually slowing down. Which cart or carts, if any, experience a net force to the left?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Cart B experiences a net force to the left.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of the Net force

The net force, also known as the resultant force, is the sum of all available forces acting on an item at the same time. The net forces can be expressed in terms of Newton.

02

Findingthe cart having a net force acting to the left

  • Cart 'A' accelerates to the left at a near-constant rate.
  • Cart 'B' accelerates as it advances to the left.
  • Cart 鈥楥'moves to the left, swooping down gradually.
  • The net force acting on a particular object moving at constant speed is zero. Hence there is no net force acting on cart 'A' toward the left.
  • When the item's velocity and force are in the same direction, the object will accelerate.
  • Because Cart B is speeding up and traveling to the left, there is a net force operating on the cart 'B' to the left.
  • When the velocity and force directions are opposite, the item slows down.
  • Because cart C is slowing down and traveling to the left, there is a net force operating on Cart'C'to the right.

Thus, Cart 鈥楤鈥� is the cart pushed to the left by the net force.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You observe three carts moving to the left. Cart A moves to the left at nearly constant speed. Cart B moves to the left, gradually speeding up. Cart C moves to the left, gradually slowing down. Which cart or carts, if any, experience a net force to the left?

A Ping-Pong ball is acted upon by the Earth, air resistance, and a strong wind. Here are the positions of the ball at several times.

Early time interval:

At\(t = 12.35\;{\rm{s}}\), the position was\(\left\langle {3.17.2.54, - 9.38} \right\rangle {\rm{m}}\).

At\(t = 12.37\;{\rm{s}}\), the position was\(\left\langle {3.25,2.50, - 9.40} \right\rangle \;{\rm{m}}\).

Late time interval:

At\(t = 14.35\;{\rm{s}}\), the position was\(\left\langle {11.25, - 1.50, - 11.40} \right\rangle \;{\rm{m}}\).

At\(t = 14.37\;{\rm{s}}\), the position was\(\left\langle {11.27, - 1.86, - 11.42} \right\rangle \;{\rm{m}}\).

(a) In the early time interval, from \(t = 12.35\;{\rm{s}}\) to \(t = 12.37\;{\rm{s}}\), what was the average momentum of the ball? The mass of the Ping-Pong ball is \(2.7\) grams \(\left( {2.7 \times {{10}^{ - 3}}\;{\rm{kg}}} \right)\). Express your result as a vector. (b) In the late time interval, from \(t = 14.35\;{\rm{s}}\) to \(t = 14.37\;{\rm{s}}\), what was the average momentum of the ball? Express your result as a vector. (c) In the time interval from \(t = 12.35\;{\rm{s}}\) (the start of the early time interval) to \(t = 14.35\;{\rm{s}}\) (the start of the late time interval), what was the average net force acting on the ball? Express your result as a vector.

Question: The following questions refer to the circuit shown in Figure 18.114, consisting of two flashlight batteries and two Nichrome wires of different lengths and different thicknesses as shown (corresponding roughly to your own thick and thin Nichrome wires).

The thin wire is 50 cm long, and its diameter is 0.25 mm. The thick wire is 15 cm long, and its diameter is 0.35 mm. (a) The emf of each flashlight battery is 1.5 V. Determine the steady-state electric field inside each Nichrome wire. Remember that in the steady state you must satisfy both the current node rule and energy conservation. These two principles give you two equations for the two unknown fields. (b) The electron mobility

in room-temperature Nichrome is about 7脳10-5(ms)(Ns). Show that it takes an electron 36 min to drift through the two Nichrome wires from location B to location A. (c) On the other hand, about how long did it take to establish the steady state when the circuit was first assembled? Give a very approximate numerical answer, not a precise one. (d) There are about 9脳1028mobile electrons per cubic meter in Nichrome. How many electrons cross the junction between the two wires every second?

A thin spherical shell made of plastic carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \( - {Q_1}\). As shown in Figure 16.79, two large thin disks made of glass carry uniformly distributed positive and negative charges \( + {Q_2}\)and \( - {Q_2}\). The radius \({R_1}\)of the plastic spherical shell is very small compared to the radius \({R_2}\)of the glass disks. The distance from the center of the spherical shell to the positive disk is d, and d is much smaller than \({R_2}\). (a) Find the potential difference V2 - V1 in terms of the given quantities (Q1, Q2, R1, R2, and d). Point 1 is at the center of the plastic sphere, and point is just outside the sphere. (b) Find the potential difference V3-V2. Point 2 is just below the sphere, and point 3 is right beside the positive glass disk. (c) Suppose that the plastic shell is replaced by a solid metal sphere with radius R1carrying charge -Q1. State whether the absolute magnitudes of the potential differences would be greater than, less than, or the same as they were with the plastic shell in place. Explain briefly, including an appropriate diagram.

A 0.7 kgblock of ice is sliding by you on a very slippery floor at 2.5m.s-1]As it goes by, you give it a kick perpendicular to its path. Your foot is in contact with the ice block for 0.003鈥�s. The block eventually slides at an angle of 22鈥�degreesfrom its original direction. The overhead view shown in Figure 2.54is approximately to scale. The arrow represents the average force your toe applies briefly to the block of ice. (a) Which of the possible paths shown in the diagram corresponds to the correct overhead view of the block鈥檚 path? (b) Which components of the block鈥檚 momentum are changed by the impulse applied by your foot? (Check all that apply. The diagram shows a top view, looking down on the xzplane.) (c) What is the unit vectorin the direction of the block鈥檚 momentum after the kick? (d) What is the x component of the block鈥檚 momentum after the kick? (e) Remember that p鈫�=|p鈫�|p^. What is the magnitude of the block鈥檚 momentum after the kick? (f) Use your answers to the preceding questions to find the zcomponent of the block鈥檚 momentum after the kick (drawing a diagram is helpful). (g) What was the magnitude of the average force you applied to the block?
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