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For a certain diatomic molecule, the lowest-energy photon observed in the vibrational spectrum is 0.17eV. What is the energy of a photon emitted in a transition from the 5th excited vibrational energy level to the 2nd excited vibrational energy level, assuming no change in the rotational energy?

Short Answer

Expert verified

1.02eV

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data can be listed below as-

The energy of the photon at the ground state is,E0=0.17eV.

02

Significance of the Planck’s law for finding the energy

The energy of the photon in the ground state can be determined by taking half of the product of Planck鈥檚 constant and wavelength of the photon. It is expressed as follows,

E0=12h0

Here, his the Planck鈥檚 constant and 0is the wavelength of the photon.

03

Determination of the energy of the photon

The equation of the photon鈥檚 energy can be expressed as,

En=n+E0=n+12h0

Here, nis the number of states, E0is the energy of the photon at the ground state that is half of the product of the Planck鈥檚 constant (h)and wavelength of the photon (0)(0).

Substitute localid="1662469232427" n=2for the second excited state in the above expression.

localid="1662469239412" E2=2+{"x":[[32,5,5,4,5,32],[5,25],[44,44,49,56,58,54,48,43,43,58],[72,98],[72,99],[115,116,126,140,145,137,125,114,115,144],[153,192],[173,172],[-88.5,-88.5,-88.5,-88.5,-86.5,-86.5,-85.5,-84.5,-76.5,-69.5,-67.5,-67.5,-66.5,-64.5,-64.5,-62.5,-62.5,-62.5,-62.5],[-83.5,-82.5,-81.5,-77.5,-72.5,-69.5,-66.5,-63.5,-60.5,-59.5,-58.5,-57.5,-56.5,-54.5,-53.5,-50.5,-49.5,-49.5,-47.5,-46.5,-46.5],[-99.5,-99.5,-97.5,-87.5,-83.5,-78.5,-76.5,-72.5,-67.5,-61.5,-53.5,-50.5,-45.5,-41.5,-40.5,-38.5,-36.5,-35.5,-35.5,-34.5,-33.5,-32.5,-31.5,-30.5,-29.5,-28.5,-26.5,-26.5,-25.5],[-67.5,-68.5,-69.5,-69.5,-70.5,-70.5,-70.5,-69.5,-68.5,-66.5,-64.5,-58.5,-55.5,-50.5,-47.5,-46.5,-44.5,-42.5,-42.5,-48.5,-53.5,-58.5,-59.5,-59.5,-59.5,-60.5,-61.5,-62.5,-61.5,-55.5,-47.5,-39.5,-33.5,-30.5,-29.5,-25.5,-24.5,-23.5],[-112.5,-112.5,-113.5,-114.5,-115.5,-117.5,-118.5,-121.5,-139.5,-142.5,-148.5,-156.5,-157.5,-157.5,-157.5,-155.5,-154.5,-149.5,-139.5,-136.5,-131.5,-121.5,-110.5,-100.5,-97.5,-95.5,-94.5,-93.5,-91.5,-90.5,-89.5,-89.5,-88.5,-88.5,-87.5,-87.5,-86.5,-84.5,-83.5,-73.5,-71.5,-68.5,-60.5,-59.5,-58.5],[-74.5,-75.5,-74.5,-73.5,-68.5,-62.5,-58.5,-52.5,-51.5,-50.5,-48.5,-47.5,-44.5,-41.5,-39.5,-38.5,-34.5,-32.5,-29.5,-20.5,-15.5,-11.5,-2.5,-1.5,5.5,10.5,11.5,11.5,14.5,15.5,15.5,15.5,15.5,15.5,14.5,10.5,5.5,3.5]],"y":[[8,8,8,116,116,116],[59,59],[101,94,90,92,99,111,128,143,143,143],[73,73],[92,92],[29,15,8,10,25,50,85,115,115,115],[85,85],[59,109],[47.5,46.5,44.5,39.5,19.5,18.5,18.5,18.5,30.5,44.5,48.5,49.5,51.5,56.5,60.5,70.5,73.5,74.5,75.5],[90.5,89.5,89.5,86.5,84.5,81.5,80.5,78.5,77.5,77.5,76.5,76.5,76.5,75.5,75.5,74.5,74.5,73.5,72.5,71.5,70.5],[117.5,116.5,115.5,111.5,108.5,106.5,106.5,104.5,102.5,101.5,99.5,98.5,96.5,95.5,94.5,93.5,92.5,92.5,91.5,91.5,90.5,89.5,88.5,88.5,87.5,87.5,85.5,84.5,84.5],[133.5,133.5,133.5,132.5,131.5,130.5,129.5,127.5,125.5,123.5,120.5,116.5,116.5,116.5,116.5,116.5,125.5,141.5,147.5,151.5,155.5,158.5,160.5,161.5,162.5,162.5,163.5,163.5,163.5,159.5,154.5,151.5,149.5,148.5,148.5,147.5,147.5,146.5],[4.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,6.5,25.5,28.5,32.5,38.5,40.5,41.5,43.5,46.5,49.5,57.5,71.5,76.5,82.5,93.5,109.5,126.5,132.5,137.5,138.5,141.5,146.5,151.5,163.5,168.5,174.5,180.5,181.5,182.5,182.5,182.5,181.5,173.5,172.5,170.5,165.5,165.5,165.5],[-10.5,-10.5,-10.5,-10.5,-11.5,-13.5,-14.5,-17.5,-17.5,-17.5,-16.5,-14.5,-2.5,5.5,11.5,13.5,24.5,28.5,32.5,50.5,59.5,65.5,80.5,82.5,95.5,102.5,102.5,105.5,116.5,124.5,125.5,126.5,127.5,128.5,130.5,135.5,138.5,138.5]],"t":[[0,0,0,0,0,0],[0,0],[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],[0,0],[0,0],[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],[0,0],[0,0],[1654112746815,1654112746925,1654112746945,1654112746973,1654112747181,1654112747233,1654112747264,1654112747297,1654112747375,1654112747442,1654112747463,1654112747478,1654112747499,1654112747528,1654112747546,1654112747607,1654112747637,1654112747664,1654112747712],[1654112748244,1654112748325,1654112748343,1654112748369,1654112748392,1654112748413,1654112748426,1654112748452,1654112748480,1654112748494,1654112748511,1654112748526,1654112748551,1654112748581,1654112748614,1654112748679,1654112748695,1654112748712,1654112748751,1654112748762,1654112748814],[1654112750067,1654112750208,1654112750228,1654112750277,1654112750297,1654112750313,1654112750326,1654112750345,1654112750366,1654112750385,1654112750413,1654112750429,1654112750447,1654112750466,1654112750481,1654112750499,1654112750528,1654112750548,1654112750566,1654112750584,1654112750611,1654112750636,1654112750655,1654112750704,1654112750730,1654112750747,1654112750789,1654112750830,1654112750861],[1654112752010,1654112752044,1654112752051,1654112752080,1654112752126,1654112752148,1654112752182,1654112752209,1654112752233,1654112752248,1654112752267,1654112752322,1654112752344,1654112752382,1654112752419,1654112752456,1654112752533,1654112752572,1654112752602,1654112752655,1654112752701,1654112752762,1654112752807,1654112752838,1654112752871,1654112752901,1654112752982,1654112753050,1654112753089,1654112753135,1654112753179,1654112753219,1654112753264,1654112753303,1654112753373,1654112753511,1654112753560,1654112753606],[1654112754849,1654112754854,1654112754889,1654112754916,1654112754946,1654112754965,1654112754979,1654112754998,1654112755079,1654112755103,1654112755139,1654112755217,1654112755267,1654112755346,1654112755362,1654112755380,1654112755394,1654112755415,1654112755448,1654112755466,1654112755484,1654112755518,1654112755548,1654112755583,1654112755598,1654112755619,1654112755631,1654112755652,1654112755684,1654112755728,1654112755771,1654112755800,1654112755835,1654112755873,1654112755907,1654112755944,1654112755994,1654112756011,1654112756034,1654112756062,1654112756078,1654112756097,1654112756179,1654112756189,1654112756280],[1654112758023,1654112758062,1654112758197,1654112758212,1654112758230,1654112758250,1654112758271,1654112758311,1654112758367,1654112758382,1654112758520,1654112758570,1654112758636,1654112758670,1654112758701,1654112758713,1654112758771,1654112758798,1654112758816,1654112758912,1654112758957,1654112758992,1654112759092,1654112759120,1654112759211,1654112759272,1654112759317,1654112759600,1654112759649,1654112759707,1654112759732,1654112759767,1654112759840,1654112759976,1654112760019,1654112760069,1654112760116,1654112760153]],"version":"2.0.0"}localid="1662469245507" 12h0

localid="1662469252499" 52h0

Substitute localid="1662469258038" n=5for the fifth excited state in the above expression.

localid="1662469265782" E5=5+12h0=112h0

04

Determination of the transition of the photon

The equation of the change in the energy transition of the photon can be expressed as,

E=E5-E2

Here, E5is the energy of the fifth excited state and E2is the energy of the second excited state.

For ,E2=52h0and E5=112h0and 12h0=0.17eV

E=112h0-52h0=612h0=60.17eV=1.02eV

Thus, the energy of a photon emitted in a transition is 1.02eV.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A hot bar of iron glows a dull red. Using our simple ball-spring model of a solid (Figure 8.23), answer the following questions,explaining in detail the processes involved. You will need to make some rough estimates of atomic properties based on prior work. (a) What is the approximate energy of the lowest-energy spectral emission line? Give a numerical value. (b) What is the approximate energy of the highest-energy spectral emission line? Give a numerical value. (c) What is the quantum number of the highest-energy occupied state? (d) Predict the energies of two other lines in the emission spectrum of the glowing iron bar. (Note: Our simple model is too simple-the actual spectrum is more complicated. However, this simple analysis gets at some important aspects of the phenomenon.)

Make a rough estimate of this uniform energy spacing in electron volts (where 1eV=1.61019鈥塉). You will need to make some rough estimates of atomic properties based on prior work. For comparison with the spacing of these vibrational energy states, note that the spacing between quantized energy levels for "electronic" states such as in atomic hydrogen is of the order of several electron volts.

(b) List several photon energies that would be emitted if a number of these vibrational energy levels were occupied due to collisional excitation. To what region of the spectrum (x-ray, visible, microwave, etc.) do these photons belong? (See Figure 8.1 at the beginning of the chapter.)

A bottle contains a gas with atoms whose lowest four energy levels are -12eV, -6eV, -3eV, and -2eV. Electrons run through the bottle and excite the atoms so that at all times there are large numbers of atoms in each of these four energy levels, but there are no atoms in higher energy levels. List the energies of the photons that will be emitted by the gas.

Next, the electron beam is turned off, and all the atoms are in the ground state. Light containing a continuous spectrum of photon energies from 0.5eVto 15eVshines through the bottle. A photon detector on the other side of the bottle shows that some photon energies are depleted in the spectrum (鈥渄ark lines鈥). What are the energies of the missing photons?

If you try to increase the energy of a quantum harmonics oscillator by adding an amount of energy 12hks/m, the energy doesn鈥檛 increase. Why not?

Suppose we have a reason to suspect that a certain quantum object has only three quantum states.When we excite a collection of such objects we observe that they emit electromagnetic radiation of three different energies: 0.3eV(infrared), 2.0eV(visible), and 2.3eV(visible).

(a) Draw a possible energy-level diagram for one of the quantum objects, which has three bound states. On the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons, and check that the possible transitions produce the observed photons and no others. The energyK+U of the ground state is -4eV. Label the energies of each level ( K+U, which is negative).

(b) The material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. Next a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. What photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity ("dark absorption lines")? Energy of highest-energy dark line: eV Energy of lowest-energy dark line: eV

(c) There exists another possible set of energy levels for these objects which produces the same photon emission spectrum. On an alternative energy-level diagram, different from the one you drew in part (a), indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons, and check that the possible transitions produce the observed photons and no others. When you are sure that your alternative energy-level diagram is consistent with the observed photon energies, enter the energies of each level (K+U, which is negative).

(d) For your second proposed energy-level scheme, what photon energies would be observed to be significantly reduced in intensity in an absorption experiment ("dark absorption lines")? (Given the differences from part (b), you can see that an absorption measurement can be used to tell which of your two energy-level schemes is correct).

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