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Did the treatment have an effect? The investigators expected the control group to adjust their breeding date the next year, whereas the well-fed supplemented group had no reason to change. The report continues: "But in the following year, food-supplemented females were more out of synchrony with the caterpillar peak than the controls." Here are the data (days behind caterpillar peak):

Carry out an appropriate test and show that it leads to the quoted conclusion.

Short Answer

Expert verified

There is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the food-supplemented females were more out of synchrony with the caterpillar peak than the controls..

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

The mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values:

x1=4x2=11.3

nis the number of values in the data set?

The standard deviation is the square root of the sum of squared deviations from the mean divided by n-1:

s1=3.1093

s2=3.9256

02

Explanation

Determine the hypothesis:

H0:1=2

Ha:1<2

Determine the test statistic:

localid="1650516568809" t=x1-x2s12n1+s22n2=4-11.33.109326+3.925627-3.739

Determine the degrees of freedom:

localid="1650516589517" df=minn1-1,n2-1=min(7-1,6-1)=5

The P-value is the probability of obtaining the value of the test statistic, or a value more extreme. The P-value is the number (or interval) in the column title of Table B containing the t-value in the rowdf=5:

0.005<P<0.01

If the P-value is less than or equal to the significance level, then the null hypothesis is rejected:

P<0.05RejectH0

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A driving school wants to find out which of its two instructors is more effective at preparing students to pass the state鈥檚 driver鈥檚 license exam. An incoming class of 100students is randomly assigned to two groups, each of size 50. One group is taught by Instructor A; the other is taught by Instructor B. At the end of the course, 30of Instructor A鈥檚 students and 22of Instructor B鈥檚 students pass the state exam. Do these results give convincing evidence that Instructor A is more effective?

Min Jae carried out the significance test shown below to answer this question. Unfortunately, he made some mistakes along the way. Identify as many mistakes as you can, and tell how to correct each one.

State: I want to perform a test of

H0:p1-p2=0

Ha:p1-p2>0

where p1=the proportion of Instructor A's students that passed the state exam and p2=the proportion of Instructor B's students that passed the state exam. Since no significance level was stated, I'll use =0.05

Plan: If conditions are met, I鈥檒l do a two-sample ztest for comparing two proportions.

Random The data came from two random samples of 50students.

- Normal The counts of successes and failures in the two groups -30,20,22, and 28-are all at least 10.

- Independent There are at least 1000 students who take this driving school's class.

Do: From the data, p^1=2050=0.40and p^2=3050=0.60. So the pooled proportion of successes is

p^C=22+3050+50=0.52

- Test statistic

localid="1650450621864" z=(0.40-0.60)-00.52(0.48)100+0.52(0.48)100=-2.83

- p-value From Table A, localid="1650450641188" P(z-2.83)=1-0.0023=0.9977.

Conclude: The p-value, 0.9977, is greater than =0.05, so we fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is no convincing evidence that Instructor A's pass rate is higher than Instructor B's.

A large university is considering the establishment of a schoolwide recycling program. To gauge interest in the program by means of a questionnaire, the university takes separate random samples of undergraduate students, graduate students, faculty, and staff. This is an example of what type of sampling design?

(a) Simple random sample

(b) Stratified random sample

(c) Convenience sample

(d) Cluster sample

(e) Systematic sample

A certain candy has different wrappers for various holidays. During Holiday 1the candy wrappers are 30%silver, 30%red, and 40%pink. During Holiday 2the wrappers are 50%silver and 50%blue. Forty pieces of candy are randomly selected from the Holiday 1distribution, and 40 pieces are randomly selected from the Holiday 2 distribution. What are the expected value and standard deviation of the total number of silver wrappers?

Refer to Exercise16.

(a) Carry out a significance test at the =0.05level.

(b) Construct and interpret a 95%confidence interval for the difference between the population proportions. Explain how the confidence interval is consistent with the results of the test in part (a).

The elderly fear crime more than younger people, even though they are less likely to be victims of crime. One study recruited separate random samples of 56black women and 63black men over the age of 65from Atlantic City, New Jersey. Of the women, 27said they 鈥渇elt vulnerable鈥 to crime; 46of the men said this.

(a) Construct and interpret a 90%confidence interval for the difference in population proportions (men minus women).

(b) Does your interval from part (a) give convincing evidence of a difference between the population proportions? Explain.

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