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Chapter 5: Q4TP (page 228)

Draw curved arrows to show the movement of the electrons that result in formation of the given product(s).

Short Answer

Expert verified

鈥� As new covalent bonds are formed and existing covalent bonds are destroyed, electrons move in curved arrows.

鈥� Each arrow represents the movement of two electrons (an electron pair) from a single atom to an electrophile (nucleophile) at the end of the arrow (at the point of the arrow).

鈥� The arrow's tail denotes the location of the reactant's electrons; the tail always starts at a lone pair or a bond.

鈥� The arrow's head always points to an atom or a bond, indicating where these same electrons end up in the result.

Step by step solution

01

The first step is to use a curved arrow

鈥� As new covalent bonds are formed and existing covalent bonds are destroyed, electrons move in curved arrows.

鈥� Each arrow represents the movement of two electrons (an electron pair) from a single atom to an electrophile (nucleophile) at the end of the arrow (at the point of the arrow).

鈥� The arrow's tail denotes the location of the reactant's electrons; the tail always starts at a lone pair or a bond.

鈥� The arrow's head always points to an atom or a bond, indicating where these same electrons end up in the result.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a. Which is the most stable: 3,4-dimethyl-2-hexene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-hexene, or 4,5-dimethyl-2-hexene?

b. Which compound has the largest heat of hydrogenation?

c. Which compound has the smallest heat of hydrogenation?

Squalene, a hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C30H50, is obtained from shark liver. (Squalus is Latin for 鈥渟hark.鈥�) If squalene is an acyclic compound, how many 蟺 bonds does it have?

Using curved arrows, show the mechanism of the following reaction:

Draw the structure of a hydrocarbon that has six carbon atoms and

a. three vinylic hydrogens and two allylic hydrogens.

b. three vinylic hydrogens and one allylic hydrogen.

c. three vinylic hydrogens and no allylic hydrogens.

Given the reaction coordinate diagram for the reaction of A to form G, answer the following questions:

a. How many intermediates are formed in the reaction?

b. Which letters represent transition states?

c. What is the fastest step in the reaction?

d. Which is more stable,AorG?

e. DoesAorEform faster fromC?

f. What is the reactant of the rate-determining step?

g. Is the first step of the reaction exergonic or endergonic?

h. Is the overall reaction exergonic or endergonic?

i. Which is the more stable intermediate?

j. Which step in the forward direction has the largest rate constant?

k. Which step in the reverse direction has the smallest rate constant?
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