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Chapter 8: Q6 E (page 446)

How many \({\rm{\sigma }}\)and \({\rm{\pi }}\)bonds are present in the molecule HCN?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Two \({\rm{\sigma }}\) bonds and two \({\rm{\pi }}\) bonds make up HCN.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Concept

The sigma bond is formed when two half-filled atomic orbitals involved in the formation of a molecular orbital overlap along the internuclear axis.

The bond formed is known as a pi-bond when half-filled p-orbitals involved in bond formation overlap sideways.

02

How many bonds are present in the molecule HCN

The bonds are below:

\(H - C \equiv N\)

Therefore, the two\({\rm{\sigma }}\)bonds and two\({\rm{\pi }}\)bonds make up HCN.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw the orbital diagram for carbon in showing how many carbon atom electrons are in each orbital.

Predict whether the MO diagram for S2 would show s-p mixing or not.

Sulfuric acid is manufactured by a series of reactions represented by the following equations:

\(\begin{array}{l}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{8}}}{\rm{(s) + 8}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}} \to {\rm{8S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}}\\{\rm{2S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g) + }}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}} \to {\rm{2S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{(g)}}\\{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{(g) + }}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O(l)}} \to {{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{(l)}}\end{array}\)

Draw a Lewis structure, predict the molecular geometry by VSEPR, and determine the hybridization of sulfur for the following:

(a) circular \({{\rm{S}}_{\rm{8}}}\)molecule

(b) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\)molecule

(c) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\)molecule

(d) \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}\)molecule (the hydrogen atoms are bonded to oxygen atoms)

A useful solvent that will dissolve salts as well as organic compounds is the compound acetonitrile, \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{CCN}}\). It is present in paint strippers. (a) Write the Lewis structure for acetonitrile, and indicate the direction of the dipole moment in the molecule. (b) Identify the hybrid orbitals used by the carbon atoms in the molecule to form \({\rm{\sigma }}\) bonds. (c) Describe the atomic orbitals that form the \({\rm{\pi }}\) bonds in the molecule. Note that it is not necessary to hybridize the nitrogen atom.

Acetic acid, H3CC(O)OH, is the molecule that gives vinegar its odor and sour taste. What is the hybridization of the two carbon atoms in acetic acid?
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