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Chapter 18: Q18.4-1CC. (page 386)

As you learned in Chapter 12, mitosis gives rise to two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Yet you, the product of many mitotic divisions, are not composed of identical, zygote-like cells. Why?

Short Answer

Expert verified

In multicellular organisms, when cells undergo many mitotic divisions during embryonic development, which gives rise to many genetically identical cells.

Still, with cell division, another process that is called differentiation also occurs in the embryonic cells. It is the process in which cells are differentiated to get a different structure and function. So an individual with multiple cells is not composed of identical zygote-like cells.

Step by step solution

01

Mitosis

Mitosis is the type of cell division that produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. So the produced cells are wholly identical. Therefore, mitosis is the major cause of the growth and repair of organisms. It is the main division occurring in the embryonic cells.

02

Step 2: Zygote

The zygote is the cell that forms after the fertilization of sperm and egg. It divides repetitively through mitosis to form a complete organism. This zygote contains all genetic information from the paternal and maternal sides through sperm and egg cells, respectively.

03

Step 3: Differentiation

When a zygote is developed into a complete organism, there are three processes that occur during development. These processes are cell division, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis.

Through cell division, the zygote makes a large number of cells that undergo differentiation to specialize in performing different functions. Also, their structures differ according to their functions. So an organism is not composed of many zygote-like similar cells.

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