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Chapter 17: Q17-4TYU (page 362)

Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?

  1. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.

  2. Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA.

  3. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.

  4. RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes.

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The statement 鈥淓xons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus鈥� istrue.

  2. The statement 鈥淣ucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA鈥� isfalse.

  3. The statement 鈥淩ibozymes may function in RNA splicing鈥� is false.

  4. The statement 鈥淩NA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

RNA processing

All eukaryotic mRNA molecules undergo RNA processing before they are released into the cytoplasm for translation. RNA processing of mRNA involves 5鈥� capping, polyadenylation, and RNA splicing.

02

Explanation of option (A)    

The synthesized mRNA molecule contains both introns (non-coding sequences of genes) and exons (coding sequences). The introns of the mRNA molecule are removed, and the remaining exons are joined. This process is called RNA splicing.

Thus, introns, and not exons, are removed from mRNA molecules before they are released into the cytoplasm.

Therefore, the given option is not true and thus is the correct option.

03

Explanation of option (B)

RNA processing includes 5鈥檆apping and polyadenylation. In 5鈥檆apping, the 5鈥檈nd of the mRNA molecule is modified. In this process, a 7-methylguanosine cap is added to the 5鈥檈nd of the mRNA molecule.

In polyadenylation, a string of adenine (A) residues is added to the 3鈥� end of the mRNA molecule. The adenine residues are called the poly-A tail. Both 5鈥� cap and poly-A tail protect the mature mRNA from degradation.

Thus, nucleotides are added at both ends of the mRNA molecule.

Therefore, the given option is true and thus is the incorrect option.

04

Explanation of option (C)

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that act as enzymes. They catalyze biochemical reactions and play an essential role in the splicing of introns from mRNA molecules.

Thus, ribozymes play an essential role in RNA splicing.

Therefore, the given option is true and thus is the incorrect option.

05

Explanation of option (D)

RNA splicing is catalyzed by a large RNA 鈥損rotein complex called spliceosomes. This complex comprises ribonucleoproteins that interact with introns and mediate its removal.

Thus, spliceosomes catalyze RNA splicing.

Therefore, the given option is true and thus is an incorrect option.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life, and the continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA. In a short essay (100-150words), discuss how the fidelity with which DNA is inherited is related to the processes of evolution. (Review the discussion of proofreading and DNA repair in Concept 16.2)

What two processes ensure that the correct amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide chain?

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

  1. a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

  2. a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

  3. a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence

  4. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.

Some mutations result in proteins that function well at one temperature but are non-functional at a different (usually higher) temperature. Siamese cats have a "temperature-sensitive" mutation in a gene encoding an enzyme that makes dark pigment in the fur. The mutation results in the breed's distinctive point markings and lighter body color (see the photo). Using this information and what you learned in the chapter, explain the pattern of the cat's fur pigmentation.

Would the coupling of the processes shown in Figure 17.24 be found in a eukaryotic cell? Explain why or why not.
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