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Chapter 17: Q17-5TYU (page 362)

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

  1. GTP

  2. DNA

  3. tRNA

  4. ribosomes

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The option 鈥淕TP鈥� isfalse.

  2. The option 鈥淒NA鈥� istrue.

  3. The option 鈥渢RNA鈥� is false.

  4. The option 鈥渞ibosomes鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

Translation

The translation process mediates the synthesis of proteins from mRNA molecules with the help of tRNA and ribosomes. GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is used as a source of energy during translation.

02

Explanation of option (A)

GTP is hydrolyzed during translation. This provides energy that facilitates the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes. It also helps in the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA molecule.

Thus, GTP is involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

03

Explanation of option (B)

The transcription process mediates the synthesis of mRNA molecules using one of the DNA strands as a template. DNA has no role in translation.

Thus, DNA is not involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is true.

04

Explanation of option (C)

tRNA recognizes mRNA codon and brings the appropriate amino acid to the mRNA molecules. It binds to the mRNA and delivers the amino acid to the polypeptide chain.

Thus, tRNA is involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The ribosome binds to the mRNA molecules and joins the amino acids delivered by the tRNA to form the polypeptide chain.

Thus, ribosomes are involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw a tRNA with the anticodon 3鈥�-CGU-5鈥�. What two different codons could it bind to? Draw each codon on an mRNA, labeling all 5鈥� and 3鈥� ends, the tRNA, and the amino acid it carries.

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

  1. a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

  2. a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

  3. a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence

  4. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.

In the actual experiment, the researchers used 149 sequences to build their sequence logo, which is shown below. There is a stack at each position, even if short, because the sequence logo includes more data. (a) Which three positions in this sequence logo have the most predictable bases? Name the most frequent base at each. (b) Which four positions have the least predictable bases? How can you tell?

What two processes ensure that the correct amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide chain?

Most amino acids are coded for by a set of similar codons (see Figure17.6). Propose at least one evolutionary explanation to account for this pattern.
See all solutions

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