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Chapter 17: Q17-5TYU (page 362)

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

  1. GTP

  2. DNA

  3. tRNA

  4. ribosomes

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The option 鈥淕TP鈥� isfalse.

  2. The option 鈥淒NA鈥� istrue.

  3. The option 鈥渢RNA鈥� is false.

  4. The option 鈥渞ibosomes鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

Translation

The translation process mediates the synthesis of proteins from mRNA molecules with the help of tRNA and ribosomes. GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is used as a source of energy during translation.

02

Explanation of option (A)

GTP is hydrolyzed during translation. This provides energy that facilitates the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes. It also helps in the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA molecule.

Thus, GTP is involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

03

Explanation of option (B)

The transcription process mediates the synthesis of mRNA molecules using one of the DNA strands as a template. DNA has no role in translation.

Thus, DNA is not involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is true.

04

Explanation of option (C)

tRNA recognizes mRNA codon and brings the appropriate amino acid to the mRNA molecules. It binds to the mRNA and delivers the amino acid to the polypeptide chain.

Thus, tRNA is involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The ribosome binds to the mRNA molecules and joins the amino acids delivered by the tRNA to form the polypeptide chain.

Thus, ribosomes are involved in translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In a research article about Alkaptonuria published in 1902, Garrod suggested that humans inherit two "characters" (alleles) for a particular enzyme and that both parents must contribute a faulty version for the offspring to have Alkaptonuria. Today, would this disorder be called dominant or recessive?

Knowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human 尾-globin gene(shown in Figure17.12) into bacterial cells, hoping the cell will express it and synthesize functional 尾-globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is non-functional and contains fewer amino acids than does 尾-globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why.

Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change in the TATA box of a particular gene's promoter. How would that affect the transcription of the gene? (See Figure17.9)

What polypeptide product would you expect from a poly-G mRNA that is 30 nucleotides long?

The template strand of a gene contains the sequence 3鈥�-TTCAGTCGT-5鈥�. Imagine that the non-template plate sequence was transcribed instead of the template sequence. Draw the mRNA sequence and translate it using Figure 17.6. (Be sure to pay attention to the 5鈥� and 3鈥� ends.) Predict how well the protein synthesized from the non-template strands would function, if at all.
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