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A compact sound source radiates 25 W of sound energy uniformly in all directions. What is the ratio of the sound intensity at a distance of 1.0 m to that at 5.0 m in (a) a two-dimensional

universe, (b) our normal three-dimensional universe, and (c) a hypothetical four-dimensional universe?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The ratio of the sound intensity at a distance of 1.0m to 5.0 m in

(a) a two-dimensional universe is 5:1.

(b) three dimensional universe is

(c) four dimensional universe is

Step by step solution

01

Given information:

The power of the sound energy is P=25W.

The power is constant and uniform in all directions.

The initial and final distances are

r1=1mr2=5m

02

Calculating the ratio of sound intensity in two dimensional universe:

In two dimensional universe, a surface at a distance r from the source is a circle of radius r.

The intensity is defined as the power of the source on a surface.

The formula to calculate the sound intensity in two dimension universe is given by

I=P2蟺谤

Here the power is constant in all directions. Therefore, I1r

In terms of r1 and r2, the ratio of sound intensities will be

I1I2=r2r1=5

03

Calculating the ratio in three dimensional universe:

In three dimensional universe, a surface at distance r from the source is the outer shell of a sphere of radius r.

The formula to calculate the intensity is given by

I=P4蟺谤2

P is constant in all directions.

Therefore, I1r2

In terms of r1 and r2, the ratio of sound intensity can be written as

I1I2=r22r12=521=25

04

Calculating the ratio of sound intensity in hypothetical four dimensional universe:

In a four dimensional universe, we can can conclude from the above that

I1r3

In terms of r1 and r2, the ratio of intensity is

I1I2=r23r13=531=125

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