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A classical atom orbiting at frequency f would emit electromagnetic waves of frequency f because the electron’s orbit, seen edge-on, looks like an oscillating electric dipole.

a. At what radius, in nm, would the electron orbiting the proton in a hydrogen atom emit light with a wavelength of 6?

b. What is the total mechanical energy of this atom?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The wavelength radius is r=2.95⋅10−10m=0.295nm

(b) The total mechanical energy of this atomEnet=−3.91⋅10−19J=−2.44eV

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We can begin the solution with the pulse's total energy.

02

Part (a) Step 2: Calculations

We can begin by calculating speed using the equilibrium between Coulomb and centripetal force as a starting point.

Fcp=Fqmev2r=14πϵ0q1q2r2(substitute expressions for forces)mev2r=14πϵ0e2r2v=e24πϵ0rme(substitute electron and proton charge)

We can now utilise the expression for circular motion speed with radius r and period T.

v=2°ùÏ€Tv=2°ùÏ€´Ú(definition of frequency)r=v2Ï€´Ú(expressr)c=λ´Ú(expression for speedf=cλ(expressf)r=ϵ24πϵ0rme2Ï€cλ(substitutevandf)r3=e2λ24Ï€3â‹…4ϵ0mec2(squareandedit)r=1.6â‹…10−192â‹…600â‹…10−924â‹…Ï€3â‹…4ϵ0â‹…9.11â‹…10−31â‹…3â‹…108213(expressr)r=2.95â‹…10−10m=0.295nm

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

The total mechanical energy of this atomEnet=−3.91⋅10−19J=−2.44eV

04

Part (b) Step 2: Calculations

The total energy of the electron must now be determined:

mev2=14πϵ0e2rEnet=Ek+UEnet=Ek+UEnet=mev22−14πϵ0e2r(expressions for kinetic and potential energy)Enet=14πϵ0e22r−14πϵ0e2rsubstitutemev2Enet=−18πϵ0e2r(edit)Enet=−18πϵ01.6⋅10−1922.95⋅10−10(substitute)Enet=−3.91⋅10−19J=−2.44eV

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