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Chapter 36: Q. 40 (page 1060)
At what speed, as a fraction of c, is a particle鈥檚 total energy twice its rest energy?
The speed of particle is 0.866c.
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A -long rocket train car is traveling from Los Angeles to New York at when a light at the center of the car flashes. When the light reaches the front of the car, it immediately rings a bell. Light reaching the back of the car immediately sounds a siren.
a. Are the bell and siren simultaneous events for a passenger seated in the car? If not, which occurs first and by how much time?
b. Are the bell and siren simultaneous events for a bicyclist waiting to cross the tracks? If not, which occurs first and by how much time?
Firecrackers A and B are apart. You are standing exactly halfway between them. Your lab partner is on the other side of firecracker A. You see two flashes of light, from the two explosions, at exactly the same instant of time. Define event 1 to be 鈥渇irecracker A explodes鈥� and event 2 to be 鈥渇irecracker B explodes.鈥� According to your lab partner, based on measurements he or she makes, does event 1 occur before, after, or at the same time as event 2? Explain
Two rockets, and , approach the earth from opposite directions at speed of . The length of each rocket measured in its rest frame is . What is the length of rocket as measured by the crew of rocket ?
Some particle accelerators allow protonsand antiprotonsto circulate at equal speeds in opposite directions in a device called a storage ring. The particle beams cross each other at various points to causecollisions. In one collision, the outcome is, where g represents a high-energy gamma-ray photon. The electron and positron are ejected from the collision atand the gamma-ray photon wavelengths are found to be. What were the proton and antiproton speeds, as a fraction of , prior to the collision?
The sun radiates energy at the rate . The source of this energy is fusion, a nuclear reaction in which mass is transformed into energy. The mass of the sun is .
a. How much mass does the sun lose each year?
b. What percent is this of the sun鈥檚 total mass?
c. Fusion takes place in the core of a star, where the temperature and pressure are highest. A star like the sun can sustain fusion until it has transformed about of its total mass into energy, then fusion ceases and the star slowly dies. Estimate the sun鈥檚 lifetime, giving your answer in billions of years.
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