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Chapter 36: Q. 36 (page 1060)
A quarter-pound hamburger with all the fixings has a mass of . The food energy of the hamburger (food calories) is .
a. What is the energy equivalent of the mass of the hamburger?
b. By what factor does the energy equivalent exceed the food energy?
a.)
b.)
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Jill claims that her new rocket is long. As she flies past your house, you measure the rocket鈥檚 length and find that it is only What is Jill鈥檚 speed, as a fraction of ?
Let鈥檚 examine whether or not the law of conservation of momentum is true in all reference frames if we use the Newtonian definition of momentum: . Consider an object A of mass 3m at rest in reference frame S. Object A explodes into two pieces: object B, of mass m, that is shot to the left at a speed of c/2 and object C, of mass 2m, that, to conserve momentum, is shot to the right at a speed of c/4. Suppose this explosion is observed in reference frame S鈥� that is moving to the right at half the speed of light.
a. Use the Lorentz velocity transformation to find the velocity and the Newtonian momentum of A in S鈥�.
b. Use the Lorentz velocity transformation to find the velocities and the Newtonian momenta of B and C in S鈥�.
c. What is the total final momentum in S鈥�?
d. Newtonian momentum was conserved in frame S. Is it conserved in frame S鈥�?
An astronaut travels to a star system away at a speed of Assume that the time needed to accelerate and decelerate is negligible.
a. How long does the journey take according to Mission Control on earth?
b. How long does the journey take according to the astronaut?
c. How much time elapses between the launch and the arrival of the first radio message from the astronaut saying that she has arrived?
Our Milky Way galaxy is in diameter. A spaceship crossing the galaxy measures the galaxy鈥檚 diameter to be a mere .
a. What is the spacecraft鈥檚 speed, as a fraction of , relative to the galaxy?
b. How long is the crossing time as measured in the galaxy鈥檚 reference frame?
FIGURE Q36.6 shows a rocket traveling from left to right. At the instant it is halfway between two trees, lightning simultaneously (in the rocket鈥檚 frame) hits both trees.
a. Do the light fleshes reach the rocket pilot simultaneously? If not, which reaches her first? Explain
b. A student was sitting on the ground halfway between the trees as the rocket passed overhead. According to the student, were the lightning strikes simultaneous? If not, which tree was hit first? Explain.
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