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Chapter 42: Q 5 Exercise (page 1236)
Which stable nuclei have a diameter of 7.46 fm?
Therefore, chemical element who has stable isotope of A = 30 is silicon Si.
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a. Draw energy-level diagrams, similar to Figure , for all nuclei listed in Appendix C. Show all the occu-pied neutron and proton levels.
b. Which of these nuclei are stable? What is the decay mode of any that are radioactive?
137 Cs is a common product of nuclear fission. Suppose an accident spills 550 mCi of 137 Cs in a lab room.
a. What mass of 137 Cs is spilled?
b. If the spill is not cleaned up, how long will it take until the radiation level drops to an acceptable level, for a room this size, of 25 mCi?
The technique known as potassium-argon dating is used to date old lava flows. The potassium isotope 40 K has a 1.28-billionyear half-life and is naturally present at very low levels. 40 K decays by two routes: 89% undergo beta-minus decay into 40 Ca while 11% undergo electron capture to become 40 Ar. Argon is a gas, and there is no argon in flowing lava because the gas escapes. Once the lava solidifies, any argon produced in the decay of 40 K is trapped inside and cannot escape. A geologist brings you a piece of solidified lava in which you find the 40 Ar/ 40 K ratio to be 0.013. What is the age of the rock?
The radium isotope 226Ra has a half-life of 1600 years. A
sample begins with 1.00x1010 226Ra atoms. How many are left
after (a) 200 years, (b) 2000 years, and (c) 20,000 years?
Use the graph of binding energy to estimate the total energy released if a nucleus with mass number 240 fissions into two nuclei with mass number 120.
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