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Chapter 22: Q. 76 (page 628)
The force on the nCcharge is as shown inFIGURE CP22.76.What is the magnitude of this force?
The strength of the electric field isin the direction of the electron.
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Space explorers discover an asteroid that happens to have a positive charge of . They would like to place their spaceship in orbit around the asteroid. Interestingly, the solar wind has given their spaceship a charge of . What speed must their spaceship have to achieve a -diameter circular orbit?
A glass rod that has been charged to +12 nC touches a metal sphere. Afterward, the rod鈥檚 charge is +8.0 nC.
a. What kind of charged particle was transferred between the rod and the sphere, and in which direction? That is, did it move from the rod to the sphere or from the sphere to the rod?
b. How many charged particles were transferred?
FIGURE shows four charges at the corners of a square of side . What is the magnitude of the net force on?
You sometimes create a spark when you touch a doorknob after shuffling your feet on a carpet. Why? The air always has a few free electrons that have been kicked out of atoms by cosmic rays. If an electric field is present, a free electron is accelerated until it collides with an air molecule. Most such collisions are elastic, so the electron collides, accelerates, collides, accelerates, and so on, gradually gaining speed. But if the electron鈥檚 kinetic energy just before a collision is or more, it has sufficient energy to kick an electron out of the molecule it hits. Where there was one free electron, now there are two! Each of these can then accelerate, hit a molecule, and kick out another electron. Then there will be four free electrons. In other words, as FIGURE P22.61 shows, a sufficiently strong electric field causes a 鈥渃hain reaction鈥� of electron production. This is called a breakdown of the air. The current of moving electrons is what gives you the shock, and a spark is generated when the electrons recombine with the positive ions and give off excess energy as a burst of light.
Four lightweight balls are suspended by threads. Ball has been touched by a plastic rod that was rubbed with wool. When the balls are brought close together, without touching, the following observations are made:
鈥� Balls are attracted to ball
鈥� Balls have no effect on each other.
鈥� Ball is attracted to ball
What are the charge states (glass, plastic, or neutral) of balls ? Explain.
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