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Chapter 11: Q. 55 (page 758)

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health interviewed a random sample of 4877teens (grades 7to 12). One question asked, 鈥淲hat do you think are the chances you will be married in the next 10years?鈥� Here is a two-way table of the responses by gender:

Which of the following is the appropriate null hypothesis for performing a chi-square test?

a. Equal proportions of female and male teenagers are almost certain they will be married in 10years.

b. There is no difference between the distributions of female and male teenagers鈥� opinions about marriage in this sample.

c. There is no difference between the distributions of female and male teenagers鈥� opinions about marriage in the population.

d. There is no association between gender and opinion about marriage in the sample.

e. There is no association between gender and opinion about marriage in the population.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Option (e)Ho: There is no correlation between gender and population opinion on marriage.
Ha: In the population, there is a link between gender and attitudes toward marriage.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We have to determine the state the null and alternative hypotheses.

02

Simplification

The null and alternative hypotheses:

鈥冣赌�H0: There is no correlation between gender and population opinion on marriage.

鈥冣赌�Ha: In the population, there is a link between gender and attitudes toward marriage.

Hence, option e is correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Stress and heart attacks You read a newspaper article that describes a study of whether stress management can help reduce heart attacks. The 107subjects all had reduced blood flow to the heart and so were at risk of a heart attack. They were assigned at random to three groups. The article goes on to say:

One group took a four-month stress management program, another underwent a four-month exercise program, and the third received usual heart care from their personal physicians. In the next three years, only 3of the 33people in the stress management group suffered "cardiac events," defined as a fatal or non-fatal heart attack or a surgical procedure such as a bypass or angioplasty. In the same period, 7of the 34people in the exercise group and 12out of the 40patients in usual care suffered such events.

a. Use the information in the news article to make a two-way table that describes the study results.

b. Compare the success rates of the three treatments in preventing cardiac events.

c. Do the data provide convincing evidence at the 伪=0.05level that the true success rates for patients like these are not the same for the three treatments?

Which test?Determine which chi-square test is appropriate in each of the following settings. Explain your reasoning.

a. Does chocolate help heart-attack victims live longer? Researchers in Sweden randomly selected 1169people who had suffered heart attacks and asked them about their consumption of chocolate in the previous year. Then the researchers followed these people and recorded whether or not they had died within 8years.

b. Random-digit-dialing telephone surveys used to exclude cell-phone numbers. If the opinions of people who have only cell phones differ from those of people who have landline service, the poll results may not represent the entire adult population. The Pew Research Center interviewed separate random samples of cell-only and landline telephone users who were less than 30years old and asked them to describe their political party affiliation

What鈥檚 your sign? The University of Chicago鈥檚 General Social Survey (GSS) is the nation鈥檚 most important social science sample survey. For reasons known only to social scientists, the GSS regularly asks a random sample of people their astrological sign. Here are the counts of responses from a recent GSS of 4344 people:

If births are spread uniformly across the year, we expect all 12 signs to be equally likely. Do these data provide convincing evidence at the 1% significance level that all 12 signs are not equally likely?

Where do you live? Conduct a follow-up analysis for the test in Exercise 49.

Aw, nuts! Refer to Exercise 1.

a. Confirm that the expected counts are large enough to use a chi-square distribution to calculate the P-value. What degrees of freedom should you use?

b. Use Table C to find the P-value. Then use your calculator鈥檚 蠂2 cdf command.

c. What conclusion would you draw about the company鈥檚 claimed distribution for its deluxe mixed nuts?
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