Chapter 9: Q.81 (page 590)
Refer to Exercise 79. Construct and interpret a confidence interval for the population mean M. What additional information does the confidence interval provide .
Short Answer
The confidence interval is .
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Chapter 9: Q.81 (page 590)
Refer to Exercise 79. Construct and interpret a confidence interval for the population mean M. What additional information does the confidence interval provide .
The confidence interval is .
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Write a few sentences comparing what the P-values in Exercises 13 and 14 tell you about statistical significance in each of the two studies.
鈥淚 can鈥檛 get through my day without coffee鈥 is a common statement from many students. Assumed benefits include keeping students awake during lectures and making them more alert for exams and tests. Students in a statistics class designed an experiment to measure memory retention with and without drinking a cup of coffee one hour before a test. This experiment took place on two different days in the same week (Monday and Wednesday). Ten students were used. Each student received no coffee or one cup of coffee, one hour before the test on a particular day. The test consisted of a series of words flashed on a screen, after which the student had to write down as many of the words as possible. On the other day, each student received a different amount of coffee (none or one cup). (a) One of the researchers suggested that all the subjects in the experiment drink no coffee before Monday鈥檚 test and one cup of coffee before Wednesday鈥檚 test. Explain to the researcher why this is a bad idea and suggest a better method of deciding when each subject receives the two treatments.
(b) The data from the experiment are provided in the table below. Set up and carry out an appropriate test to determine whether there is convincing evidence that drinking coffee improves memory.

When ski jumpers take off, the distance they fly varies considerably depending on their speed, skill, and wind conditions. Event organizers must position the landing area to allow for differences in the distances that the athletes fly. For a particular competition, the organizers estimate that the variation in distance flown by the athletes will be
= meters. An experienced jumper thinks that the organizers are underestimating the variation.
Taking stock An investor with a stock portfolio worth several hundred thousand dollars sued his broker due to the low returns he got from the portfolio at a time when the stock market did well overall. The investor鈥檚 lawyer wants to compare the broker鈥檚 performance against the market as a whole. He collects data on the broker鈥檚 returns for a random sample ofweeks. Over the -year period that the broker has managed portfolios, stocks in the Standard & Poor鈥檚 index gained an average of per month. The Minitab output below displays descriptive statistics for these data, along
with the results of a significance test.
(a) Determine whether there are any outliers. Show your work.
(b) Interpret the P-value in context.
(c) Do these data give convincing evidence to support the lawyer鈥檚 case? Carry out a test to help you answer this question.

Slow response times by paramedics, firefighters, and policemen can have serious consequences for accident victims. In the case of life-threatening injuries, victims generally need medical attention within 8 minutes of the accident. Several cities have begun to monitor emergency response times. In one such city, the mean response time to all accidents involving life-threatening injuries last year was M 6.7 minutes. Emergency personnel arrived within 8 minutes after 78% of all calls involving life-threatening injuries last year. The city manager shares this information and encourages these first responders to 鈥渄o better.鈥 At the end of the year, the city manager selects an SRS of 400 calls involving life-threatening injuries and examines the response times.
(a) State hypotheses for a significance test to determine whether the average response time has decreased. Be sure to define the parameter of interest.
(b) Describe a Type I error and a Type II error in this setting, and explain the consequences of each.
(c) Which is more serious in this setting: a Type I error or a Type II error? Justify your answer.
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