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A survey by the National Institutes of Health asked a random sample of young adults (aged 19 to 25 years), 鈥淲here do you live now? That is, where do you stay most often?鈥 Here is the full two-way table (omitting a few who refused to answer and one who claimed to be homeless):

a) Should we use a chi-square test for homogeneity or a chi-square test of association/independence in this setting? Justify your answer.

(b) State appropriate hypotheses for performing the type of test you chose in part (a). Minitab output from a chi-square test is shown below

(c) Check that the conditions for carrying out the test are met.

(d) Interpret the P-value in context. What conclusion would you draw?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Chi-square test of independence/association should be applied in this situation

(b) Null and alternative hypotheses could be expressed as follows:

H0: There is no connection between the two variables.

Ha: A connection exists between two variables.

(c) 1. A random sample is picked.

2. All of the projected counts are more than five.

3. The sample size is 10%lower than the population.

As a result, the required conditions might be considered to be met.

(d) There is adequate evidence to reject the assertion that the two variables are related at the5percent significance level.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a)Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, A survey by the National Institutes of Health asked a random sample of young adults (aged 19 to 25 years), 鈥淲here do you live now? That is, where do you stay most often?鈥 Here is the full two-way table (omitting a few who refused to answer and one who claimed to be homeless):

We need to verify that should we use a chi-square test for homogeneity or a chi-square test of association/independence in this setting

02

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

The result is:

For the two qualitative variables of one sample, a two-way table was calculated. As a result, the chi-square test of independence/association should be applied in this situation.

03

Part(b) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, A survey by the National Institutes of Health asked a random sample of young adults (aged 19 to 25 years), 鈥淲here do you live now? That is, where do you stay most often?鈥 Here is the full two-way table (omitting a few who refused to answer and one who claimed to be homeless):

We need to state appropriate hypotheses for performing the type of test chose in part (a)

04

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

For the above test, the proper null and alternative hypotheses could be expressed as follows:

H0: There is no connection between the two variables.

Ha: A connection exists between two variables.

05

Part(c) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, A survey by the National Institutes of Health asked a random sample of young adults (aged 19 to 25 years), 鈥淲here do you live now? That is, where do you stay most often?鈥 Here is the full two-way table (omitting a few who refused to answer and one who claimed to be homeless):

We need to find that whether the conditions for carrying out the test are met.

06

Part(c) Step 2: Explanation

The following are the circumstances in this case:

1. A random sample is picked.

2. All of the projected counts are more than five.

3. The sample size is 10%lower than the population.

As a result, the required conditions might be considered to be met.

07

Part(d) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, A survey by the National Institutes of Health asked a random sample of young adults (aged 19 to 25 years), 鈥淲here do you live now? That is, where do you stay most often?鈥 Here is the full two-way table (omitting a few who refused to answer and one who claimed to be homeless):

We need to interpret the P-value.

08

Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

If there is no correlation between the variables, the probability of obtaining the same or extreme sample is 1.2percent, with a p-value of 0.05. The null hypothesis is found to be false. Thus, there is adequate evidence to reject the assertion that the two variables are related at the5 percent significance level.

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