Chapter 11: Q. 6 (page 734)
The category that contributes the largest component to thestatistic is
(a) White.
(c) Hispanic.
(b) Black.
(d) Other.
(e) The answer cannot be determined since this is only a sample.
Short Answer
(c) Hispanic.
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Chapter 11: Q. 6 (page 734)
The category that contributes the largest component to thestatistic is
(a) White.
(c) Hispanic.
(b) Black.
(d) Other.
(e) The answer cannot be determined since this is only a sample.
(c) Hispanic.
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The University of Chicago鈥檚 General Social Survey (GSS) is the nation鈥檚 most important social science sample survey. For reasons known only to social scientists, the GSS regularly asks a random sample of people their astrological sign. Here are the counts of responses from a recent GSS:

If births are spread uniformly across the year, we expect all 12 signs to be equally likely. Are these data inconsistent with that belief? Carry out an appropriate test to support your answer. If you find a significant result, perform a follow-up analysis
Refer to Exercises 1 and 3.
(a) Confirm that the expected counts are large enough to use a chi-square distribution. Which distribution (specify the degrees of freedom) should you use?
(b) Sketch a graph like Figure 11.4 (page 683) that shows the P-value.
(c) Use Table C to find the P-value. Then use your calculator鈥檚 C2cdf command
(d) What conclusion would you draw about the company鈥檚 claimed distribution for its deluxe mixed nuts? Justify your answer.
Do men and women participate in sports for the same reasons? One goal for sports participants is social comparison鈥攖he desire to win or to do better than other people. Another is mastery鈥攖he desire to improve one鈥檚 skills or to try one鈥檚 best. A study on why students participate in sports collected data from independent random samples of male and female undergraduates at a large university. Each student was classified into one of four categories based on his or her responses to a questionnaire about sports goals. The four categories were high social comparison鈥 high mastery (HSC-HM), high social comparison鈥 low mastery (HSC-LM), low social comparison鈥揾igh mastery (LSC-HM), and low social comparison鈥搇ow mastery (LSC-LM). One purpose of the study was to compare the goals of male and female students. Here are the data displayed in a two-way table:
(a) Calculate the conditional distribution (in proportions) of the reported sports goals for each gender.
(b) Make an appropriate graph for comparing the conditional distributions in part (a).
(c) Write a few sentences comparing the distributions of sports goals for male and female undergraduates.
A chi-square goodness-of-fit test is used to test whether a 0 to 9 spinner is "fair" (that is, the outcomes are all equally likely). The spinner is spun 100 times, and the results are recorded. The degrees of freedom for the test will be
(a) 8 .
(c) 10 .
(e) None of these.
(b) 9 .
(d)
Birds in the trees Researchers studied the behavior of birds that were searching for seeds and insects in an Oregon forest. In this forest, % of the trees were Douglas 铿乺s, % were ponderosa pines, and % were other types of trees. At a randomly selected time during the day, the researchers observed red-breasted nuthatches: were seen in Douglas 铿乺s, in ponderosa pines, and in other types of trees. Do these data suggest that nuthatches prefer particular types of trees when they鈥檙e searching for seeds and insects? Carry out a chi-square goodness-of-铿乼 test to help answer this question.
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