Chapter 11: Q.3 (page 692)
Aw, nuts! Calculate the chi-square statistic for the data in Exercise . Show your work.
Short Answer
From the given information, the test statistics are
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Chapter 11: Q.3 (page 692)
Aw, nuts! Calculate the chi-square statistic for the data in Exercise . Show your work.
From the given information, the test statistics are
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Stress and heart attack You read a newspaper article that describes a study of whether stress management can help reduce heart attacks. The subjects all had reduced blood flow to the heart and so were at risk of a heart attack. They were assigned at random to three groups. The article goes on to say: One group took a four-month stress management program, another underwent a four-month exercise program, and the third received usual heart care from their personal physicians. In the next three years, only three of the people in the stress management group suffered 鈥渃ardiac events,鈥 defined as a fatal or non-fatal heart attack or a surgical procedure such as a bypass or angioplasty. In the same period, seven of the people in the exercise group and out of the 40 patients in usual care suffered such events.36
(a) Use the information in the news article to make a two-way table that describes the study results.
(b) What are the success rates of the three treatments in preventing cardiac events?
(c) Is there a significant difference in the success rates for the three treatments? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your answer.
Make a bar graph that compares the two conditional distributions. What are the most important differences in Facebook use between the two campus settings?
Refer to Exercise 28. Do the data provide convincing evidence of a difference in the distributions of opinions about how high schools are doing among black, Hispanic, and white parents?
(a) State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses for a significance test to help answer this question.
(b) Calculate the expected counts. Show your work.
(c) Calculate the chi-square statistic. Show your work.

A study conducted in Charlotte, North Carolina, tested the effectiveness of three police responses to spouse abuse: (1) advise and possibly separate the couple, (2) issue a citation to the offender, and (3) arrest the offender. Police officers were trained to recognize eligible cases. When presented with an eligible case, a police officer called the dispatcher, who would randomly assign one of the three available treatments to be administered. There were a total of 650 cases in the study. Each case was classified according to whether the abuser was subsequently arrested within six months of the original incident.

(a) Explain the purpose of the random assignment in the design of this study.
(b) Construct a well-labeled graph that is suitable for comparing the effectiveness of the three treatments.
(c) We want to use these data to perform a test ofwhere
the true proportion of spouse abusers like the ones in this study who would be arrested again within six months after receiving treatment \(i\). State an appropriate alternative hypothesis.
(d) Assume that all the conditions for performing the test in part (b) are met. The test yields and a P-value of Interpret this P-value in context. What conclusion should we draw from the study?
Which hypotheses would be appropriate for performing a chi-square test?
(a) The null hypothesis is that the closer students get to graduation, the less likely they are to be opposed to tuition increases. The alternative is that how close students are to graduation makes no difference in their opinion.
(b) The null hypothesis is that the mean number of students who are strongly opposed is the same for each of the four years. The alternative is that the mean is different for at least two of the four years.
(c) The null hypothesis is that the distribution of student opinion about the proposed tuition increase is the same for each of the four years at this university. The alternative is that the distribution is different for at least two of the four years.
(d) The null hypothesis is that year in school and student opinion about the tuition increase in the sample are independent. The alternative is that these variables are dependent.
(e) The null hypothesis is that there is an association between a year in school and opinion about the tuition increase at this university. The alternative hypothesis is that these variables are not associated.
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