Chapter 4: Q 15. (page 227)
Random digits In using Table D repeatedly to choose random samples, you should not always begin at the same place, such as line Why not?
Short Answer
We shouldn't always begin from the same place.
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Chapter 4: Q 15. (page 227)
Random digits In using Table D repeatedly to choose random samples, you should not always begin at the same place, such as line Why not?
We shouldn't always begin from the same place.
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Room temperature and dexterity An expert on worker performance is interested in the effect of room temperature on the performance of tasks requiring manual dexterity. She chooses temperatures of and as treatments. The response variable is the number of correct insertions, during a -minute period, in a peg-and-hole apparatus that requires the use of both hands simultaneously. Each
subject is trained on the apparatus and then asked to make as many insertions as possible in 30 minutes of continuous effort.
(a) Outline a completely randomized design to compare dexterity at and . Twenty subjects are available.
(b) Because individuals differ greatly in dexterity, the wide variation in individual scores may hide the systematic effect of temperature unless there are many subjects in each group. Describe in detail the design of a matched pairs experiment in which
Effects of TV advertising Figure displays the six treatments for a two-factor experiment on TV advertising. Suppose we have students who are willing to serve as subjects. Describe how you would randomly assign the subjects to the treatments
(a) using slips of paper.
(b) using Table D.
(c) using technology.
Learning biology with computers An educator wants to compare the effectiveness of computer software for teaching biology with that of a textbook presentation. She gives a biology pretest to each group of high school juniors, then randomly divides them into two groups. One group uses the computer, and the other studies the text. At the end of the year, she tests all the students again and compares the increase in biology test scores in the two groups.
(a) Is this an observational study or an experiment? Justify your answer.
(b) If the group using the computer has a much higher average increase in test scores than the group using the textbook, what conclusions if any, could the educator draw?
Doctors and nurses Nurse-practitioners are nurses with advanced qualifications who often act much like primary-care physicians. Are they as effective as doctors at treating patients with chronic conditions? An experiment was conducted with patients who had been diagnosed with asthma, diabetes, or high blood pressure. Within each condition, patients were randomly assigned to either a doctor or a nurse-practitioner. The response variables included measures of the patients’ health and of their satisfaction with their medical care after six months.
(a) Which are the blocks in this experiment: the different diagnoses (asthma, etc.) or the type of care (nurse or doctor)? Why?
(b) Explain why a randomized block design is preferable to a completely randomized design in this setting.
Customer satisfaction A department store mails a customer satisfaction survey to people who make credit card purchases at the store. This month,
people made credit card purchases. Surveys are mailed to of these people, chosen at random, and people return the survey form. Identify the
population and the sample.
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