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Chapter 10: Q.25 (page 670)
AP3.25. Suppose the null and alternative hypotheses for a significance test are defined as Which of the following specific values for Ha will give the highest power?
(a)
(b)
(c)(d)
(e)would give the highest power.
Hence ,the correct option is (a)
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Paired or unpaired? In each of the following settings, decide whether you should use paired t procedures or two-sample t procedures to perform inference. Explain your choice.
(a) To compare the average weight gain of pigs fed two different rations, nine pairs of pigs were used. The pigs in each pair were littermates. A coin toss was used to decide which page in each pair got Ration and which got Ration B.
(b) A random sample of college professors is taken.
We wish to compare the average salaries of male and female teachers.
(c) To test the effects of a new fertilizer, plots are treated with the new fertilizer, and plots are treated with another fertilizer. A computer's random number generator is used to determine which plots get which fertilizer.
Preventing drowning Drowning in bathtubs is a major cause of death in children less than 5 years old. A random sample of parents was asked many questions related to bathtub safety. Overall, of the sample said they used baby bathtubs for infants. Estimate the percent of all parents of young children who use baby bathtubs.
Men versus women The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Young Adult Literacy Assessment Survey interviewed a random sample of people to years old. The sample contained men and women. The mean and standard deviation of scores on the NAEP's test of quantitative skills were and for the men in the sample. For the women, the results were and . Is the difference between the mean scores for men and women significant at the level? Give appropriate statistical evidence to justify your answer.
T10.11. Researchers wondered whether maintaining a patient's body temperature close to normal by heating the patient during surgery would affect wound infection rates. Patients were assigned at random to two groups: the normothermic group (patients' core temperatures were maintained at near normal, , with heating blankets) and the hypothermic group (patients" core temperatures were allowed to decrease to about). If keeping patients warm during surgery alters the chance of infection, patients in the two groups should have hospital stays of very different lengths. Here are summary statistics on hospital stay (in number of days) for the two groups:
(a) Construct and interpret a confidence interval for the difference in the true mean length of hospital stay for normothermic and hypothermic patients.
(b) Does your interval in part (a) suggest that keeping patients warm during surgery affects the average length of patients' hospital staves? Justify your answer.
A surprising number of young adults (ages to ) still live in their parents鈥� homes. A random sample by the National Institutes of Health included men and women in this age group. The survey found that of the men and of the women lived with their parents.
(a) Construct and interpret a confidence interval for the difference in population proportions (men minus women).
(b) Does your interval from part (a) give convincing evidence of a difference between the population proportions? Explain.
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