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Chapter 8: Q103SE (page 506)

Children鈥檚 recall of TV ads. A study examined children鈥檚 recall and recognition of television advertisements (Journal of Advertising, Spring 2006). Two groups of children were shown a 60-second commercial for Sunkist FunFruit Rockn-Roll Shapes. One group (the A/V group) was shown the ad with both audio and video; the second group (the video only group) was shown only the video portion of the commercial. Following the viewing, the children were asked to recall 10 specific items from the ad. The number of the 10 items recalled correctly by each child is summarized in the table. The researchers theorized that 鈥渃hildren who receive an audiovisual presentation will have the same level of mean recall of ad information as those who receive only the visual aspects of the ad.鈥�

a. Set up the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses to test the researchers鈥� theory.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The null and alternative hypothesis are

\(\begin{aligned}{l}{H_0}:{\mu _1} - {\mu _2} &= 0\\{H_a}:{\mu _1} - {\mu _2} \ne 0\end{aligned}\)

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

The sample sizes are 20 and 20.

The means are 3.70 and 3.30.

The standard deviations are 1.98 and 2.13.

02

Specifying the null hypothesis

The null hypothesis are given by

\({H_0}:{\mu _1} - {\mu _2} = 0\)

i.e.children who receive an audiovisual presentation will have the same level of mean recall of ad information as those who receive only the visual aspects of the ad.

03

Specifying the alternative hypothesis 

The alternative hypothesis are given by

\({H_a}:{\mu _1} - {\mu _2} \ne 0\)

i.e. children who receive an audiovisual presentation will have the same level of mean recall of ad information as those who receive only the visual aspects of the ad.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Studies have established that rudeness in the workplace can lead to retaliatory and counterproductive behaviour. However, there has been little research on how rude behaviours influence a victim鈥檚 task performance. Such a study was conducted, and the results were published in the Academy of Management Journal (Oct. 2007). College students enrolled in a management course were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: rudeness condition (students) and control group (students). Each student was asked to write down as many uses for a brick as possible in minutes. For those students in the rudeness condition, the facilitator displayed rudeness by generally berating students for being irresponsible and unprofessional (due to a late-arriving confederate). No comments were made about the late-arriving confederate to students in the control group. The number of different uses for brick was recorded for each student and is shown below. Conduct a statistical analysis (at 伪=0.01) to determine if the true mean performance level for students in the rudeness condition is lower than the actual mean performance level for students in the control group.

The data is given below

Control Group:

124516217201920191023160491317130212117311119912185213015421211101311361013161228191230


Rudeness Condition:

411181196511912757311191110789107114135478381591610071513921310

Question: Impact of race on football card values. Refer to the Electronic Journal of Sociology (2007) study of the Impact of race on the value of professional football players鈥� 鈥渞ookie鈥� cards, Exercise 12.72 (p. 756). Recall that the sample consisted of 148 rookie cards of NFL players who were inducted into the Football Hall of Fame (HOF). The researchers modelled the natural logarithm of card price (y) as a function of the following independent variables:

Race:x1=1ifblack,0ifwhiteCardavailability:x2=1ifhigh,0iflowCardvintage:x3=yearcardprintedFinalist:x4=naturallogarithmof鈥�numberoftimesplayeron鈥�finalHOFballotPosition-QB::x5=1ifquarterback,0ifnotPosition-RB:x7=1ifrunningback,0ifnotPosition-WR:x8=1ifwidereceiver,0ifnotPosition-TEx9=1iftightend,0ifnotPosition-DL:x10=1ifdefensivelineman,0ifnotPosition-LB:x11=1iflinebacker,0ifnotPosition-DB:x12=1ifdefensiveback,0ifnot

[Note: For position, offensive lineman is the base level.]

  1. The model E(y)=尾0+尾1x1+尾2x2+尾3x3+尾4x4+尾5x5+尾6x6+尾7x7+尾8x8+尾9x9+尾10x10+尾11x11+尾12x12 was fit to the data with the following results:R2=0.705,Ra2=0.681,F=26.9.Interpret the results, practically. Make an inference about the overall adequacy of the model.
  2. Refer to part a. Statistics for the race variable were reported as follows:尾^1=-0.147,s尾^1=-0.145,t=-1.014,p-value=0.312 .Use this information to make an inference about the impact of race on the value of professional football players鈥� rookie cards.
  3. Refer to part a. Statistics for the card vintage variable were reported as follows:尾^3=-0.074,s尾^3=0.007,t=-10.92,p-value=.000.Use this information to make an inference about the impact of card vintage on the value of professional football players鈥� rookie cards.
  4. Write a first-order model for E(y) as a function of card vintage x3and position x5-x12that allows for the relationship between price and vintage to vary depending on position.

Given the following values of x, s, and n, form a 90% confidence interval for蟽2

a. x=21,s=2.5,n=50

b. x=1.3,s=0.02,n=15

c. x=167,s=31,n=22

d.x=9.4,s=1.5,n=5

Last name and acquisition timing. Refer to the Journal of Consumer Research (August 2011) study of the last name effect in acquisition timing, Exercise 8.13 (p. 466). Recall that the mean response times (in minutes) to acquire free tickets were compared for two groups of MBA students鈥� those students with last names beginning with one of the first nine letters of the alphabet and those with last names beginning with one of the last nine letters of the alphabet. How many MBA students from each group would need to be selected to estimate the difference in mean times to within 2 minutes of its true value with 95% confidence? (Assume equal sample sizes were selected for each group and that the response time standard deviation for both groups is 蟽鈮� 9 minutes.)

Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (Dec. 2007) study of honey as a children鈥檚 cough remedy, Exercise 8.23 (p. 470). The data (cough improvement scores) for the 33 children in the DM dosage group and the 35 children in the honey dosage group are reproduced in the table below. In Exercise 8.23, you used a comparison of two means to determine whether 鈥渉oney may be a preferable treatment for the cough and sleep difficulty associated with childhood upper respiratory tract infection.鈥� The researchers also want to know if the variability in coughing improvement scores differs for the two groups. Conduct the appropriate analysis, using 伪=0.10
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