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Refer to Exercise \(5\) compute a t CI For \(95\% \)\({\raise0.7ex\hbox{\(1\)} \!\mathord{\left/

{\vphantom {1 2}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}

\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{\(2\)}}\left( {{\mu _1} + {\mu _2}} \right) - {\mu _3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

Compute a t CI

From the exercise 5, mean square error is

\(MSE = 0.066\)

Using the fact that random variable

\(\theta = 0.5.\,\,{\overline x _1}\, + 0.5.\,\,{\overline x _2} - \,\,{\overline x _{3.}}\,\,\)

\(\left( { - 0.029,0.379} \right)\)

Step by step solution

01

definition of random variable

Object depend on random event is a random variable.

From the exercise 5, mean square error is

\(MSE = 0.066\)

Using the fact that random variable

\(\theta = 0.5.\,\,{\overline x _1}\, + 0.5.\,\,{\overline x _2} - \,\,{\overline x _{3.}}\,\,\)

has approximately student distribution with \(I\left( {J - 1} \right) = 27\) degrees of freedom, from the

\(P\left( {{t_\alpha }_{/2,27} < 0.5{{\overline x }_1} + 0.5.{{\overline x }_2} - {{\overline x }_3} < {t_\alpha }_{/2,27}} \right) = 1 - \alpha \)

where, in this case, and from the table in the appendix the

\({t_\alpha }_{/2,27} = {t_{0.025}}_{,27} = 2.052\)

confidence interval

\(95\% \)

\(\sum\limits_{i = 1}^3 {{c_i}{{\overline x }_i}. \pm {t_{\alpha /2,I\left( {J - 1} \right).}}} \sqrt {\frac{{MSE.\sum {{{^3}_{i = 1}}{c^2}_i} }}{J}} \)

02

Estimate of variance

MSE is estimate of variance\({\sigma ^2}\) .

\({{\rm{C}}_1} = {{\rm{C}}_2} = 0.5{\rm{,}}{{\rm{C}}_3} = - 1\)

\(\sum\limits_{i = 1}^3 {{c_i}^2. = 1.5} \)

Estimate\(\theta \) IS

\(\widehat \theta = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^3 {{c_i}{{\overline x }_i}. = 0.175} \)

where all values are given in the table in the exercise 5. Therefore, the\(95\% \) confidence interval for is\(\theta \)

\(0.175 \pm 2.052.\sqrt {\frac{{0.066.15}}{{10}}} = 0.175 \pm 0.204\)

Or equally

\(\left( { - 0.029,0.379} \right)\)

Hence,

\(\left( { - 0.029,0.379} \right)\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Let \({c_1},{c_2},...{c_l}\) be numbers satisfying \(\sum {{c_i} = 0} \). Then \(\sum {{c_i}{\mu _i} = {c_1}{\mu _1} + .. + {c_l}{\mu _l}} \) is called a contrast in the \({\mu _i}'s\). Notice that with \({c_1} = 1,{c_2} = - 1,{c_3} = ... = {c_1} = 0,\sum {{c_{i{\mu _i}}} = {\mu _1} - {\mu _2}} \)which implies that every pairwise difference between \({\mu _i}'s\)is a contrast. A method attributed to Scheffe鈥檚 gives simultaneous CI鈥檚 with simultaneous confidence level \(100\left( {1 - \alpha } \right)\% \) for all possible contrast. The interval for \(\sum {{c_i}{\mu _i}} \)is

\({\sum {{c_i}{{\overline x }_{i.}} \pm \left( {\sum {{\raise0.7ex\hbox{\({{c_i}^2}\)} \!\mathord{\left/

{\vphantom {{{c_i}^2} {{J_i}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}

\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{\({{J_i}}\)}}} } \right)} ^{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{\(1\)} \!\mathord{\left/

{\vphantom {1 2}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}

\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{\(2\)}}}} \times {\left( {\left( {I - 1} \right) \times MSE \times {F_{\alpha ,I - 1,n - I}}} \right)^{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{\(1\)} \!\mathord{\left/

{\vphantom {1 2}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}

\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{\(2\)}}}}\)

Using the critical flicker frequency data of Exercise \(42\), calculate the Scheffe interval for the contrast \({\mu _1} - {\mu _2},{\mu _1} - {\mu _3},{\mu _2} - {\mu _3}and5{\mu _1} + 5{\mu _2} - {\mu _3}\). Which contrast appear to differ significantly from \(0\), and why?

Four laboratories \(\left( {1 - 4} \right)\)are randomly selected from a large population, and each is asked to make three determinations of the percentage of methyl alcohol in specimens of a compound taken from a single batch. Based on the accompanying data, the difference among laboratories a source of variation in the percentage of methyl alcohol? State and test the relevant hypothesis using significance level \(.0.5\)

\(\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}{1:}&{85.06}&{85.25}&{84.87}\\{2:}&{84.99}&{84.28}&{84.88}\\{3:}&{84.48}&{84.72}&{85.10}\\{4:}&{84.10}&{84.55}&{84.05}\end{aligned}\)

consider a single-factor ANOVA experiment in which \(I = 3,\,J = 5,{\overline x _{1.}} = 10,{\overline x _{2.}} = 12,\,and\,{\overline x _{3.}} = 20\)find a value of SSE for which \(f > {F_{.05,2,12,}}\) so that \({H_0}\,:\,{\mu _1} = {\mu _2} = {\mu _3}\)is rejected, yet when Tukey鈥檚 procedure is applied none of the \({\mu _{i'}}s\) can be said to differ significantly from one another.

Cortisol is a hormone that plays an important role in mediating stress. There is growing awareness that exposure of outdoor workers to pollutants may impact cortisol levels. The article 鈥淧lasma Cortisol Concentration and Lifestyle in a Population of Outdoor Workers鈥 (Intl. J. of Envir. Health Res., 2011: 62鈥71) reported on a study involving three groups of police officers: (1) traffic police (TP), (2) drivers (D), and (3) other duties (O). Here is summary data on cortisol concentration (ng/ml) for a subset of the officers who neither drank nor smoked.

Group

Sample Size

Mean

SD

TP

47

174.7

50.9

D

36

160.2

3702

O

50

153.5

45.9

Assuming that the standard assumptions for one-way ANOVA are satisfied, carry out a test at significance level .05 to decide whether true average cortisol concentration is different for the three groups. (Note: The investigators used more sophisticated statistical methodology (multiple regression) to assess the impact of age, length of employment, and drinking and smoking status on cortisol concentration; taking these factors into account, concentration appeared to be significantly higher in the TP group than in the other two groups.)

In Exercise \(11\) suppose \({\overline x _{3.}} = 427.5.\) now which true average spreading rates differ significantly from one another? Be sure to use the method of underscoring to illustrate your conclusion, and write a paragraph summarizing your results.

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