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Compute the sample median, 25% trimmed mean, 10% trimmed mean, and sample mean for the lifetime data given in Exercise 27, and compare these measures.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The median value is 92.The 25% trimmed mean is94.75.The 10% trimmed mean is 102.225.The sample mean is 119.26.

The highest value is observed for the sample mean as compared to all other measures. Also, as the percentage of trimmed mean increases, the value of the mean decreases.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The data are provided consists of 50 observations, so the sample size is 50.

02

Compute sample median

Let \(\tilde x\) be the required sample median.

Since \({\bf{n = 50}}\) is even, the sample median is the average of \({\left( {\frac{{\bf{n}}}{{\bf{2}}}} \right)^{{\bf{th}}}}\) and \({\left( {\frac{{\bf{n}}}{{\bf{2}}}{\bf{ + 1}}} \right)^{{\bf{th}}}}\)term.

Calculate the sample median as follows,

\(\begin{array}{c}\tilde x &=& {\rm{average}}\,{\rm{of}}\,{\left( {\frac{n}{2}} \right)^{th}}{\rm{and}}{\left( {\frac{n}{2} + 1} \right)^{th}}{\rm{ordered}}\,{\rm{values}}\\ &=& \frac{{{x_{25}} + {x_{26}}}}{2}\end{array}\)

Substitute the values of\({x_{25}} = 91\)and\({x_{26}} = 93\)in the above formula,

\(\begin{array}{c}\tilde x &=& \frac{{91 + 93}}{2}\\ &=& \frac{{184}}{2}\\ &=& 92\end{array}\)

Thus, the sample median is 92.

03

Compute 25% trimmed mean

Let \({\bar x_{Tr}}\)be the required trimmed mean.

The number of extreme values to be trimmed are,

\(\begin{array}{c}50\left( {0.25} \right) = 12.5\\ \approx 13\end{array}\)

Thus, the smallest and largest 13 values of the data set are removed from the data set.

The remaining data for 24 valuesis as follows,

67, 68, 71, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 84, 85, 89, 91, 93, 96, 99, 101, 104, 105, 105, 112, 118, 123, 136, 139

The 25% trimmed mean is computed as follows,

\({\bar x_{Tr\left( {25} \right)}} = \frac{{\sum {{x_{Tr}}} }}{{{n_{Tr}}}}\)

Substitute the value of\({n_{Tr}} = 24\)in the above formula,

\(\begin{array}{c}{{\bar x}_{Tr\left( {25} \right)}} &=& \frac{{\left( {67 + 68 + 71 + 74 + \ldots + 123 + 136 + 139} \right)}}{{24}}\\ &=& \frac{{2274}}{{24}}\\ &=& 94.75\end{array}\)

Thus, the 25% trimmed mean is 94.75.

04

Compute 10% trimmed mean

Let\({\bar x_{Tr}}\)be the required trimmed mean.

The number of extreme values to be trimmed are,

\(50\left( {0.10} \right) = 5\)

Thus, the smallest and largest 5 values of the data set are removed from the data set.

The remaining data for 24 values is as follows,

36, 39, 44, 47, 50, 59, 61, 65, 67, 68, 71, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 84, 85, 89, 91, 93, 96, 99, 101, 104, 105, 105, 112, 118, 123, 136, 139, 141, 148, 158, 161, 168, 184, 206, 248

The trimmed mean is,

\({\bar x_{Tr\left( {10} \right)}} = \frac{{\sum {{x_{Tr}}} }}{{{n_{Tr}}}}\)

Substitute the value of\({n_{Tr}} = 40\)in the above formula,

\(\begin{array}{c}{{\bar x}_{Tr\left( {10} \right)}} &=& \frac{{\left( {36 + 39 + 44 + \ldots + 184 + 206 + 248} \right)}}{{40}}\\ &=& \frac{{4089}}{{40}}\\ &=& 102.225\end{array}\)

Thus, the 10% trimmed mean is 102.225.

05

Compute Sample Mean

Let\(\bar x\)be the required sample mean.

There are 50 observations, that is,\(n = 50\)

Sample mean formula:

\(\bar x = \frac{{\sum {{x_i}} }}{n}\)

Substitute the value of n and\(\sum {{x_i}} \)in the above formula,

\(\begin{array}{c}\bar x &=& \frac{{\left( {11 + 14 + 20 + \ldots + 322 + 388 + 513} \right)}}{{50}}\\ &=& \frac{{5963}}{{50}}\\ &=& 119.26\end{array}\)

Thus, the sample mean is 119.26.

06

 Step 6: Compare different obtained measures

As the value of sample mean is 119.26 higher than the obtained value of median, the distribution of 50 observations becomes skewed to the right or positively skewed.

The highest value is observed for sample mean as compared to all other measures. Also, as the percentage of trimmed mean increases, the value of mean decreases.

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