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Chapter 19: Q20P (page 488)

Explain how signal amplification is achieved in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays.

Short Answer

Expert verified

In enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enzyme catalyzes the reaction in which colored or fluorescent product is formed. So, many molecules of colored product are created for each analyte molecule.

Step by step solution

01

ELISA.

It stands for enzyme-linked immunoassay. It is a common method used for the detection of antibodies from the blood.

02

Explanation.

In enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) the antibody 1 is bound to a polymeric support. Then, analyte is incubated with the polymer-bound antibody to form a complex. The surface is then washed to remove unbound substances. Then, the antibody-antigen complex is treated with antibody 2. Antibody 2 was prepared by covalent attachment of an enzyme. Each enzyme catalyzes the reaction in which colored or fluorescent product is formed. So, many molecules of colored product are created for each analyte molecule.

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