Chapter 19: Q3P (page 484)
When are isosbestic points observed and why?
Short Answer
When spectra of two compounds with a constant total concentration cross at any wavelength, the isosbestic points are observed.
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Chapter 19: Q3P (page 484)
When are isosbestic points observed and why?
When spectra of two compounds with a constant total concentration cross at any wavelength, the isosbestic points are observed.
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Explain what is done in flow injection analysis and sequential injection. What is the principal difference between the two techniques? Which one is called 鈥渓ab-on-a-valve鈥?
Simulating a Job鈥檚 plot. Consider the reaction . Suppose that the following mixtures of A and B at a fixed total concentration of
10-4 M are prepared:

(b)Prepare a graph by the method of continuous variation in which you plotversus mole fraction offor each equilibrium constant. Explain the shapes of the curves.
Iodine reacts with mesitylene to form a complex with an absorption maximum at 332 nm in CCl4 solution:

(b)Spectrophotometric data for this reaction are shown in the table.Becausewe can say that [mesitylene][mesitylene]tot. Prepare a graph ofversusand find the equilibrium constant and molar absorptivity of the complex.

Challenging your acid-base prowess. A solution was prepared by mixing 25.00mL of 0.800Maniline, 25.00mLsulfanilic acid, andand then diluting to 100.0mL. (stands for protonated indicator.)

The absorbance measured at550nmin 5.00 - cmwas 0.110.Find the concentrations of
Here is an immunoassay to measure explosives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) in organic solvent extracts of soil. The assay employs a flow cytometer, which counts small particles (such as living cells) flowing through a narrow tube past a detector. The cytometer in this experiment irradiates the particles with a green
laser and measures fluorescence from each particle as it flows past the detector.
1. Antibodies that bind TNT are chemically attached to 5mmdiameter latex beads.
2. The beads are incubated with a fluorescent derivative of TNT to saturate the antibodies, and excess TNT derivative is removed. The beads are resuspended in aqueous detergent.


3. 5mlof the suspension are added to 100mlof sample or standard. TNT in the sample or standard displaces some derivatized TNT from bound antibodies. The higher the concentration of TNT, the more derivatized TNT is displaced.
4. An aliquot is injected into the flow cytometer, which measures fluorescence of individual beads as they pass the detector. The figure shows median fluorescence intensity 6 standard deviation. TNT can be quantified in the ppb to ppm range.

Draw pictures showing the state of the beads in steps 1, 2, and 3and explain how this method works.
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