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Chapter 23: Q9P (page 1076)

Acetolactate synthase is another TPP-requiring enzyme. It transfers the acyl group of pyruvate to another molecule of pyruvate, forming acetolactate. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of the amino acids valine and leucine. Propose a mechanism for this reaction.

Short Answer

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In this question it is given that acetolactate synthase enzyme needs TTP for transferring acyl group from one pyruvate to another pyruvate to form acetolactate and remove carbon-dioxide.

Step by step solution

01

Acetolactate synthase use

In this question it is given that acetolactate synthase enzyme needs TTP for transferring acyl group from one pyruvate to another pyruvate to form acetolactate and remove carbon-dioxide.

02

Mechanism of action

The mechanism for the reaction is as follows:

  • First proton is removed from TPP forming TPP-ylide.
  • TPP-ylide attacks the carbonyl carbon of alpha- keto acid, pyruvate.
  • The tetrahedral intermediate formed can easily undergo decarboxylation giving TPP-enamine.

  • Addition of another molecule of pyruvate occurs on the TPP-enamine carbon and afterward elimination from the tetrahedral intermediate occurs forming acetolactate and regenerates the TPP-ylide.

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Question:The glycine cleavage system is a group of four enzymes that together catalyze the following reaction:

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