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Chapter 9: Q10P (page 402)

Indicate whether each of the following solvents is protic or aprotic:

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. Chloroform is an aprotic solvent.
  2. Diethyl ether is an aprotic solvent.
  3. Acetic acid is a protic solvent.
  4. Hexane is an aprotic solvent.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of polar protic and polar aprotic solvent

Polar aprotic solvent: The polar solvent molecules do not have a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen or to a nitrogen鈥攖he direct relationship between basicity and nucleophilicity is maintained.

protic polar solvent鈥擳he polar solvent molecules have a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen or to a nitrogen鈥攖he relationship between basicity and nucleophilicity becomes inverted.

02

Explanation

  1. Chloroform (CHCl3) doesn鈥檛 have any O or N atom to form H bonding with its lone pair. So, it is an aprotic solvent.
  2. Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) has H linked with O to form H bonding So, it is aprotic solvent.
  3. CH3COOH has H atom linked to an O atom. So, it is protic solvent.

d. Hexane doesn鈥檛 have any O or N atoms and also doesn鈥檛 have any H attached to them.So, it is an aprotic solvent.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a. Which reacts faster in an E2 reaction: 3-bromocyclohexene or Bromo cyclohexane?

b. Which reacts faster in an E1 reaction?

Draw the structures of the products obtained from the following reaction:

a. What is the major product obtained when each of the following compounds undergoes an E2 reaction with methoxide ion ? Show the configuration of the product.

b. Does the product obtained depend on whether you start with the R or S enantiomer of the reactant?

cis-4-Bromocyclohexanol and trans-4-bromocyclohexanol form the same elimination productbut a different substitution product when they reactwith HO-.

a. Why do they form the same elimination product?

b. Explain, by showing the mechanisms, why different substitution products are obtained.

c. How many stereoisomers does each of the elimination and substitution reactions form?

Rank the following from most reactive to least reactive in an E2reaction:
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