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Chapter 18: Q23P (page 898)

Show how the following compounds can be synthesized from benzene:

a)

b)

c)

Short Answer

Expert verified

a)

Formation of the desired product

b)

Formation of the desired product

c)

Formation of the desired product

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-step-solutionStep 1: Benzene

Benzene undergoes an electrophilic substitution reaction based on the substituent attached to the benzene ring. It can be ortho-para directing or meta directing.

02

Formation of the products

a)

Benzene reacts with ethanoyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acid to give acetophenone. Acetophenone reacts with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid to give 3-nitroacetophenone.

Formation of the desired product (a)

b)

Benzene reacts with propionyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acid to give propiophenone. Propiophenone reacts with fuming sulfuric acid to give the desired product.

Formation of the desired product (b)

c)

Benzene reacts with methyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acid to give toluene. Toluene on oxidation gives benzoic acid, followed by a reaction with methanol in an acidic medium that produces the corresponding ester. This reacts with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid giving 3-nitrobenzoic acid.

Formation of the desired product (c)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Draw a structure for each of the following: a. 2-phenylhexane

b. benzyl alcohol

c. 3-benzylpentane

d. bromomethylbenzene

Identify A鈥揓:

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Iidocain

Show how the following compounds can be prepared from the given starting materials. You can use any necessary organic or inorganic reagents.

a.

b.

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