Q2P. Question: Name the following car... [FREE SOLUTION]

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Chapter 20: Q2P. (page 1042)

Question: Name the following carboxylic acids (when possible, give both a common name and a systematic name).
(a)
(b)
(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The IUPAC name is 2-iodo-3-methylpentanoic acid, and the common name is $伪 - iodo - 尾 - methylv aleric acid .$

(b) The IUPAC name is (Z)-3,4-dimethylhex-3-enoic acid, and there is no common name.

(d) The IUPAC name is trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, and the common name is trans-hexahydrophthalic acid.

(e) The IUPAC name is 2-chlorobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, and the common name is 2-chloroterephthalic acid.

(f) The IUPAC name is 3-methylhexanedioic acid, and the common name is $尾 - methyladipic$

Step by step solution

Nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Carboxylic acids are compounds that end with 鈥搊ic acid, and if two carboxyl groups are present, the name ends with 鈥揹ioic acid.The IUPAC name for HCOOH is methanoic acid, and the common name is formic acid.

Naming of carboxylic acids

(a) The IUPAC name is 2-iodo-3-methylpentanoic acid because the iodine group is present at the 2^ndposition, and the methyl groups are present at the third position. The total number of carbons in a chain is5. The common name is $伪 - iodo - 尾 - methylv aleric acid$ .

(b) The IUPAC name is (Z)-3,4-dimethylhex-3-enoic acid:Z is for cis alkene, and the methyl groups are present at the 3^rd and 4^th positions. There is no common name.

(c) The IUPAC name is 2,3-dinitrobenzoic acid, and the nitro groups are present at the 2^nd and 3^rd positions in the benzene ring. There is no common name.

Naming of carboxylic acids

(d) The IUPAC name is trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. One COOH group is above the plane, and one COOH group is below the plane.The common name is trans-hexahydrophthalic acid.

(e) The IUPAC name is 2-chlorobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid;the chloro group is present at the 2^nd position, and the two COOH groups are present at the 1^st and 4^th positions.The common name is 2-chloroterephthalic acid.