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Chapter 4: Q7E (page 215)

Colourful fireworks often involve the decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of metals magnesium, aluminium, and iron with oxygen.

(a)Write the formulae of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate.

(b)The decomposition of solid potassium chlorate leads to the formation of solid potassium chloride and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.

(c) The decomposition of solid barium nitrate leads to the formation of solid barium oxide, diatomic nitrogen gas and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.

(d)Write separate equations for the reactions of the solid metals magnesium, aluminium and iron and oxygen gas to yield the corresponding metal oxides.(Assume the iron oxide contains \(F{e^{3 + }}\)ions.)

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Formulae of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate:\(Ba{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2},KCl{O_3}\)

(b) Equation for decomposition of solid potassium chlorate:\(2KCl{O_3}\left( s \right) \to 2KCl\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right)\)

(c) Equation for decomposition of solid barium nitrate:\(2Ba{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}\left( s \right) \to 2BaO\left( s \right) + 2{N_2}\left( g \right) + 5{O_2}\left( g \right)\)

(d) Formation of metal oxides:

\(2Mg\left( s \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2MgO\left( s \right)\)

\(4Al\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2A{l_2}{O_3}\left( s \right)\)

\(4Fe\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2F{e_2}{O_3}\left( s \right)\)

Step by step solution

01

Barium and potassium salts

The molecular formulae of barium nitrate,potassium chlorate are indicated by \(Ba{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2},KCl{O_3}\) respectively.

02

Decomposition of potassium chlorate

Potassium chlorate decomposes,resulting inpotassium chloride and oxygen. The balanced equation is as follows:

\(2KCl{O_3}\left( s \right) \to 2KCl\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right)\)

03

Decomposition of barium nitrate

The balanced equation for barium nitrate decomposition is as given below:

\(2Ba{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}\left( s \right) \to 2BaO\left( s \right) + 2{N_2}\left( g \right) + 5{O_2}\left( g \right)\)

04

Metal oxide formation

The balanced reactions of magnesium, aluminium and iron with oxygen, forming the corresponding oxides are represented as follows:

\(2Mg\left( s \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2MgO\left( s \right)\)

\(4Al\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2A{l_2}{O_3}\left( s \right)\)

\(4Fe\left( s \right) + 3{O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2F{e_2}{O_3}\left( s \right)\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What volume of 0.08892 M HNO3 is required to react completely with 0.2352 g of potassium hydrogen phosphate?

\(2{\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{3({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{K}}_2}{\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq)}}}}{\rm{ + 2KN}}{{\rm{O}}_{3({\rm{aq}})}}\)

A sample of solid calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2is allowed to stand in water until a saturated solution is formed. A titration of 75.00 mL of this solution with 5.00脳10-2M HCl requires 36.6 mL of the acid to reach the end point.

\({\rm{Ca(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{2({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + 2HC}}{{\rm{l}}_{({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ CaC}}{{\rm{l}}_{2({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + 2}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_{({\rm{l}})}}\)

What is the molarity?

What volume of a 0.00945 M solution of potassium hydroxide would be required to titrate 50.00 mL of a sample of acid rain with a H2SO4 concentration of 1.23脳10-4M

\({{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + 2KO}}{{\rm{H}}_{({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}{{\rm{K}}_2}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + 2}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{(l)}}}}\)

Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), NaHCO3, can be purified by dissolving it in hot water (60掳C), filtering to remove insoluble impurities, cooling to 0 掳C to precipitate solid NaHCO3 , and then filtering to remove the solid, leaving soluble impurities in solution. Any NaHCO3 that remains in solution is not recovered. The solubility of NaHCO3 in hot water of 60 掳C is 164 g/L. Its solubility in cold water of 0 掳C is 69 g/L. What is the percent yield of NaHCO3 when it is purified by this method?

Indicate what type or types of reaction each of the following represents:

(a) \(\)\(Ca\left( s \right) + B{r_2}\left( l \right) \to CaB{r_2}\left( s \right)\)

(b) \(Ca{\left( {OH} \right)_2} + 2HBr\left( {aq} \right) \to CaB{r_2}\left( {aq} \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)

(c) \({C_6}{H_{12}}\left( l \right) + 9{O_2}\left( g \right) \to 6C{O_2}\left( g \right) + 6{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)\(\)
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