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Chapter 7: Q64E (page 399)

Question: Which bond in each of the following pairs of bonds is the strongest?

(a) \({\rm{C - C}}\) or \({\rm{C = C}}\)

(b) \({\rm{C - N}}\) or \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{N}}\)

(c) \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{O}}\) or \({\rm{C = O}}\)

(d) \({\rm{H - F}}\) or \({\rm{H - Cl}}\)

(e) \({\rm{C - H}}\) or \({\rm{O - H}}\)

(f) \({\rm{C - N}}\) or \({\rm{C - O}}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)\({\rm{C = C}}\)has stronger bond due to multiple bonds between same elements.

(b)\({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{N}}\)has stronger bond due to multiple bonds between same elements.

(c)\({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{O}}\)has stronger bond due to multiple bonds between same elements.

(d)\({\rm{H - F}}\)has stronger bond due to greater electronegative difference.

(e)\({\rm{O - H}}\)has stronger bond due to greater electronegative difference.

(f) \({\rm{C - O}}\) has stronger bond due to greater electronegative difference.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

Chemical bonding is the creation of a chemical compound by forming a chemical link between two or more atoms, molecules, or ions. The atoms in the resultant molecule are held together by chemical bonds.

02

Strongest bond in \({\rm{C - C}}\) and \({\rm{C = C}}\)

A multiple bond between two same elements is stronger than single bond.

Therefore \({\rm{C = C}}\) is stronger than \({\rm{C - C}}\).

03

Strongest bond in \({\rm{C - N}}\) and \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{N}}\)

(b)

A multiple bond between two same elements is stronger than single bond.

Therefore \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{N}}\)is stronger than \({\rm{C - N}}\).

04

Strongest bond in \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{O}}\) and \({\rm{C = O}}\)

(c)

A multiple bond between two same elements is stronger than single bond.

Therefore \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{O}}\)is stronger than \({\rm{C = O}}\).

05

Strongest bond in \({\rm{H - F}}\) and \({\rm{H - Cl}}\)

(d)

The greater the electronegativity difference between two similar elements, the stronger is the bond. The electronegativity increases from left to right and from bottom to up in a periodic table.

Therefore, bond between \({\rm{H - F}}\) is stronger than \({\rm{H - Cl}}\).

06

Strongest bond in \({\rm{C - H}}\) and \({\rm{O - H}}\)

(e)

The greater the electronegativity difference between two similar elements, the stronger is the bond. The electronegativity increases from left to right and from bottom to up in a periodic table.

Therefore, bond between \({\rm{O - H}}\) is stronger than \({\rm{C - H}}\).

07

Strongest bond in \({\rm{C - N}}\) and \({\rm{C - O}}\)

(f)

The greater the electronegativity difference between two similar elements, the stronger is the bond. The electronegativity increases from left to right and from bottom to up in a periodic table.

Therefore, bond between \({\rm{C - O}}\) is stronger than \({\rm{C - N}}\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the electron configuration for each of the following ions: (a) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (b) \({{\rm{I}}^{\rm{ - }}}\) (c) \({\rm{B}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (d) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)(e) \({{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}}\) (f) \({\rm{G}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) (g) \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}\) (h) \({{\rm{N}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (i) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (j) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (k) \({\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (l) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) .

Which of the following molecules and ions contain polar bonds? Which of these molecules and ions have dipole moments?

  1. \({\rm{Cl}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{5}}}\)
  2. \({\rm{Cl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ - }}\)
  3. \({\rm{TeC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{4}}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}\)
  4. \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)
  5. \({\rm{Se}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
  6. \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
  7. \({\rm{Xe}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

Which of the following compounds requires the most energy to convert one mole of the solid into separate ions?

(a) \({\rm{MgO}}\)

(b) \({\rm{SrO}}\)

(c) \({\rm{KF}}\)

(d) \({\rm{CsF}}\)

(e) \({\rm{Mg}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

Use the simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16MolecPolarity) to perform the following exercises for a real molecule. You may need to rotate the molecules in three dimensions to see certain dipoles. (a) Sketch the bond dipoles and molecular dipole (if any) for O3. Explain your observations. (b) Look at the bond dipoles for NH3. Use these dipoles to predict whether N or H is more electronegative. (c) Predict whether there should be a molecular dipole for NH3 and, if so, in which direction it will point. Check the molecular dipole box to test your hypothesis.

Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) \({\rm{CI}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\) (b) \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{I}}_{\rm{5}}}\) (c) \({\rm{B}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\) (d) \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{6}}}^{\rm{ - }}\) .
See all solutions

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